第三十七卷(2008)
73.台灣水牛微衛星遺傳標記多樣性分析
林德育 黃鈺嘉 賴永裕 杜茂聖 林正鏞 吳明哲
行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所
台灣水牛是台灣重要的本土畜產動物，自1987年起設立國家保種場於行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所花蓮種畜繁殖場，至今台灣水牛遺傳多樣性資料仍然有限。本試驗利用FAO(2004)建議使用的水牛微衛星標記組，以其中12組水牛微衛星標記分析行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所花蓮種畜繁殖場台灣水牛保種族群40頭台灣水牛個體之DNA，其中除CSSM045微衛星標記所檢測的基因型在所有檢測個體皆為單型外，其它11組微衛星標記皆有多態型的基因型。具多態型的微衛星標記組共檢測到45個alleles，平均每個基因座具有4.1個對偶基因(2~7個alleles)，其觀測異質度介於0.150到0.750，平均為0.561 ± 0.173，期望異質度介於0.180到0.750，平均為0.570 ± 0.156，而多態性訊息含量平均為0.506 ± 0.148。在本試驗選用的12組微衛星標記組中有6組呈現非高多態性資訊(PIC<0.5)，且有1組微衛星標記(CSSM045)在所有檢測樣品僅出單一等位基因型，顯示育種者應更加重視台灣水牛遺傳多樣性的維護。
關鍵語：台灣水牛、遺傳多樣性、微衞星標記
GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF TAIWAN WATER BUFFALO BY MICROSATELLITE MARKERS
D.Y. Lin, Y.C. Huang, Y.Y. Lai, M.S. Tu, C.Y. Lin and M.C. Wu
Livestock Research Institute(LRI), Council of Agriculture
Taiwan water buffalo is an important native farm animal in Formosa Island. The conservation population was in Hualien Animal Propagation Station of LRI since 1987. However, the information of genetic diversity of Taiwan water buffalo was very limited. To study the genetic diversity, a set of 12 microsatellite markers recommended for water buffalo in FAO’s DADIS MoDAD programme were utilized. The study was carried out on 40 animals to generate genotype data. Except CSSM045, all the microsatellites were polymorphic with average allelic number 4.1, ranged from 2 to7 per locus. There were 45 alleles detected in total. The observed heterozygosity of the population ranged from 0.150 to 0.750, and the average observed heterozygosity was 0.561±0.173(mean±SD). The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.180 to 0.750, and the average expected heterozygosity was 0.570±0.156. The estimated polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.506± 0148. In 12 markers, six markers were not highly informative with PIC less than 0.5 and one marker CSSM045 had only one allele detected. Therefore, geneticist should be aware of genetic diversity of Taiwan water buffalo.
Key Words: Taiwan water buffalo, Genetic diversity, Microsatellite marker
  
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