第四十三卷(2014)
畜試土雞高產蛋選育族群執行雛白痢清除計畫之評估
林德育(1) 曾淑貞(2) 林義福(1) 陳若菁(1) 賴永裕(1) 吳明哲(1)
(1)行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所 (2)中華醫事科技大學
雛白痢(Pullorum Disease)是由雛白痢沙門氏桿菌(Salmonella pullorum)所引起的細菌性疾病，主要介蛋與水平傳播，常造成雛雞急性發病死亡，耐過雞群可能成為保菌雞(帶菌者)，種雞場對於此疾病之清除甚為重要。本試驗之目的為評估建立雛白痢清除之畜試土雞高產蛋選育族群的可行性，期望能提升雞群育成率及整齊度，進而增加生產效益。配合畜試土雞高產蛋選育族群，各世代候選種雞於17至18週齡時採集翼靜脈血液約1-2mL，進行雛白痢平板凝集試驗，陽性雞隻淘汰不作種用。G1至G3世代雞隻血樣是以同一進口雛白痢診斷試劑檢測，自第G4世代起檢測試劑改用家畜衛生試驗所研發之雛白痢診斷試劑。檢測結果雛白痢陽性率G1、G2、G3、G4、G5、G6、G7及G8世代分別為18.16%(219/1,206)、1.99%(12/602)、2.94%(28/951)、19.24%(152/790)、5.81%(41/706)、15.08%(162/1,074)、0%(0/557)及0%(0/573)，畜試土雞高產蛋選育族群G7與G8世代之所有候選種雞皆為雛白痢陰性反應，結果顯示應用淘汰雛白痢陽性雞隻不作種用的選育方法確實可降低雞群雛白痢陽性率。
關鍵語：土雞、雛白痢、血清平板凝集反應
EVALUATION OF POLLORUM DISEASE ELIMINATION IN HIGH EGG PRODUCTION SELECTION BREEDING FLOCKS OF NATIVE CHICKEN IN LRI-COA
D. Y. Lin(1), S. J. Tzeng(2), Y. F. LIN(1), J. C. Chen(1), Y. Y. Lai(1) and M. C. Wu(1)
(1)Livestock Research Institute(LRI), Council of Agriculture (2)Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology
Pullorum disease, caused by Salmonella pullorum, is mainly spread by horizontal transmission or infected eggs. Acute outbreaks occur in farms quit often, and the affected chicken become no symptomatic carriers and infects the chicks via eggs. Therefore, eliminating the pullorum disease remains an important issue in poultry industry. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the feasibility of establishing a pullorum disease test free breeding flocks in high egg production lines of LRI native chicken. Blood samples, 1 to 2 mL, collected from wing veins about of 15 to 20 week-old candidate bred chickens in each generation, and then assayed in rapid serum plate agglutination (SPA) test. All the positive birds will be eliminated. Positive rate of pullorum disease in G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7 and G8 were 18.16%(219/1,206), 1.99%(12/602), 2.94%(28/951), 19.24% (152/790), 5.81%(41/706), 15.08%(162/1,074), 0%(0/557) and 0%(0/573), respectively. All of the candidate bred chickens were negative in serological diagnosis of pullorum disease. The result shows the selection method to eliminate candidate bred chickens with positive reaction of pullorum disease from breeding flocks could be useful to reduce the positive rate of pullorum disease in chicken flocks.
Key Words: Native chicken, Pullorum disease, Serum plate agglutination
  
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