|
|
第四十三卷(2014)
天噸乳牛之飼養地區及其雌親上四代乳量
吳明哲(1)、林秀蓮(1)、賴永裕(1)、張菊犁(1)、李素珍(1)、陳志毅(1)、施意敏(1)、黃英豪(1)、 方清泉(2)、丁進來(2)、周文玲(3)、王忠恕(3)
(1)行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所 (2)中華民國乳業協會 (3)行政院農業委員會畜牧處
天噸乳牛是指一頭泌乳牛在台灣濕熱氣候下，自開始測乳後的平均每一個泌乳期(305-2X-ME)就能夠生產牛奶超過10,000公斤以上的乳量，亦就是年產乳量有10公噸以上，10公噸的英文是Ten Tons，取其音取其義，我們稱這種乳牛為天噸乳牛(Ten Tons Cow)。自2001年以來，累計有5,742頭，其中900頭具有其雌親三代以上系譜，飼養天噸牛10頭數以上的七個地區有彰化28戶458頭、台南23戶234頭、嘉義19戶71頭、高雄9戶42頭、屏東15戶31頭、雲林8戶23頭及桃園3戶17頭，占97.3%(876/900)。選取2014年還在測乳的天噸牛隻366頭，比較有雌親上四代系譜或僅上三代系譜之天噸牛乳量，有上四代系譜224頭天噸牛乳量平均為10,736Kg，其雌親上一至四代乳量平均依序有9,604、9,423、9,065及9,009Kg；而僅上三代系譜142頭天噸牛乳量平均為10,718Kg，其雌親上一至三代乳量平均依序有9,616、9,239及8,961Kg。選取雌親上四代均有乳量紀錄之27頭天噸牛乳量平均為10,846Kg，其雌親上一至四代乳量平均依序有10,080、9,738、9,265及8,934Kg，顯示依據雌親系譜及乳量選留已逐代改進台灣乳牛群性能。
關鍵語：乳牛、選育、乳質
FARMING COUNTY OF TEN TONS COW AND THEIR MATERNAL MILK YIELD IN UPWARD FOUR GENERATIONS
M. C. Wu(1), H. L. Lin(1), Y. Y. Lai(1), C. L. Chang(1), S. J. Lee(1), J. Y. Chen(1), E. M. Shy(1), I. H. Hwang(1), Q. Q. Fang(2), J. L. Ding(2), W. L. Chou(3) and C. S. Wang(3)
(1)Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan; (2)Dairy Association of ROC; (3)Animal Industry Division, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan
Ten Tons Cow is designated as milk yield of 305-2X-ME greater than 10,000 kg for hot and humid environment in Taiwan. For breeding scheme of dairy cattle, selection on milk yield and quality associated with reproductive performance is essential to the hot and humid weather. A total of 5,742 Ten Tons Cow was recorded from year 2001 to October of 2014. Among of them, there are 900 head with maternal pedigree in upward three or more generation. Farming county had at least 10 head were Changhua with 458 head in 28 farms, Tainan with 234 head in 23 farms, Chiayi with 71 head in 19 farms, Kaohsiung with 42 head in 9 farms, Pingtung with 31 head in 15 farms, Yunlin with 23 head in 8 farms, and Taoyuan with 17 head in 3 farms, in which were 97.3% (876/900) of 900 Ten Tons Cow. Selection of 366 cows with measured milk yield in 2014 is used for comparison on milk yield between cows either with upward four or three generations. Cows of 224 head with upward four generation had 10,736Kg of milk yield and their maternal upward from one to four generation had 9,604, 9,423, 9,065 and 9,009Kg of milk yield, respectively. Cows of 142 head with upward only three generation had 10,718Kg of milk yield and their maternal upward from one to three generation had 9,616, 9,239 and 8,961Kg of milk yield, respectively. Cows of 27 head having maternal milk yield in upward four generations, they had 10,846Kg of milk yield and their maternal upward from one to four generation had 10,080, 9,738, 9,265 and 8,934Kg of milk yield, respectively. Based upon maternal milk yield and pedigree to select heifer in dairy herds, it indicated that milk performance of dairy cows in Taiwan could be improved in generations.
Key Words: Dairy cattle, Selection, Milk quality
  
|
|
|
|
|
