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¡@¡@ªì²£¥À¨ß¦A³s²£¤­­L©Ò»Ý¤é¼Æ¤©¥HÀW²v¤ÀªR®É¡Aµo²{³ÌµuªÌ¶È180¤Ñ¡A¦Ó³ÌªøªÌ¹F630¤Ñ(¹Ï1)¡C¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ßªº¥À¨ß§¡¥H240¦Ü270¤ÑªÌ©~¦h¡A¦Ó¹p§J´µ¨ß«h¥H330¦Ü360¤Ñ©~¦h¡CCheeke et al. (1987)«ü¥X¨ßªºÃh¥¥´Á¥­§¡¦b31¦Ü32¤Ñ¤§¶¡¡A¦ý¥ç¦³29¤ÑªÌ©Îªø¦Ü35¤ÑªÌ¡C¸ûªøªºÃh¥¥´Á³q±`¦ñÀHµÛ¥J¨ß¼Æ¤Ö©M¥X¥Í¥J¨ß¹L­«(¦³­«¹F100 gm)ªºª¬ªp¡C¥»¬ã¨s¨Ã¥¼­pºâ¥X¥À¨ßªºÃh¥¥´Á¡A¦ý´N¥H³s²£¤­­Lªº¤é¼Æ³Ì¤ÖªÌ180¤Ñ¨Ó´«ºâ¡A«h¨C­Lªº­L¶Z¥­§¡¦Ü¤Ö¦³36¤Ñ(180/5)¡C

ªí1. ªì²£¥À¨ß¦A³s²£¤­­LªºÀY¼Æ©Ò¦û¦Ê¤À²v©M©Ò»Ý¤é¼Æ
Table 1. Percentage of rabbit does having five continued litters in primiparous does among various breeds and days from first parity to sixth parity

«~ ºØ
Breed

ªì²£¥À¨ßÀY¼Æ
No. of primiparous does

¦A³s²£¤­­L¥À¨ßÀY¼Æ
©Ò¦û¦Ê¤À²v(ÀY¼Æ)
Percentage of does having five continued litters (Number of does)

³s²£¤­­L¤§¤é¼Æ
(²Ä¤@²£¦Ü²Ä¤»²£¤§²£¶Z)
Day for five more litters (Duration from first parity to sixth parity)

¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ßNew Zealand White

1374

36.7(504)

281± 2a

¹p§J´µ¨ßRex

1182

14.9(177)

354± 4b

Mean±SE.
a,b Means with different superscripts differ (P<0.05).

¹Ï1. ¦U«~ºØªì²£¥À¨ß¦A³s²£¤­­L©Ò»Ý¤é¼Æ¤§ÀW²v¤À§G¡C
Fig. 1. Frequency distribution of duration for five consecutive litters of parimiparous does in various rabbit breeds.

¡@¡@ªí2¦CÁ|¥X¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß©M¹p§J´µ¨ßªì²£ªº²£¥J¼Æ¥­§¡­È©M¼Ð·Ç°¾®t¡A¤À§O¬°6.41±2.31©M5.13±2.04ÀY¥J¨ß¡F¦Ó¥X¥Í®É¬¡¥J¼Æªº¦Ê¤À²v¬°91.7±25.1©M84.6±32.7¢H¡AÂ÷¨Å®É¤´¦s¬¡¥J¨ß¼Æ¤§¦Ê¤À²v«h¤À§O¬°65.9±37.7©M52.7±41.8¢H¡C¹p§J´µ¨ßªºªì²£²£¥J¼Æ¤ñ¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß¤Ö¥BÂ÷¨Å®É¦s¬¡²v¥ç¸û§C¡C¥À¨ß¤§²Ä¤G²£²£¥J¼Æ§¡¸û²Ä¤@²£ªÌ¬°¦h¡A¦Ó­L¶Z¤é¼Æ«h¤À§O¬°55.4±17.0©M63.7±20.3¤é¡C±q²Ä¤G²£¦¸¦Ü²Ä¤»²£¹p§J´µ¨ßªº²£¥J¼Æ¡B¥X¥Í®É¬¡¥J¼Æ¡B¥X¥Í®É¦s¬¡²v¡BÂ÷¨Å®É¦s¬¡¼Æ¡BÂ÷¨Å®É¦s¬¡²vµ¥¦U©Êª¬¤´¤ñ¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß®t¡C¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß©M¹p§J´µ¨ß§¡¦b²Ä¤T²£¹F¨ì³Ì°ª­È¡C¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß²£¤U7.20±2.42ÀY¡A¦Ó¹p§J´µ¨ß¦³5.95±2.40ÀY¡C

¡@¡@±q²Ä¥|²£¦Ü²Ä¤»²£¡A¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß¦³6.69¦Ü7.02ÀY¡A¹p§J´µ¨ß¦³5.47¦Ü5.85ÀY¡CÂ÷¨Å®É¥J¨ß¦s¬¡²v§¡¦b52¢H¥H¤W¡C¤£­p²£¦¸®É¡A¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ßªº²£¥J¼Æ©MÂ÷¨Å¦s¬¡²v¤À§O¬°6.84±2.45ÀY©M70.2±34.6¢H¡F¹p§J´µ¨ßªº²£¥J¼Æ©MÂ÷¨Å¦s¬¡²v¬°5.55±2.24ÀY©M59.5±39.6¢H¡C

ªí2. ¦U¨ßºØ²Ä¤@²£¦Ü²Ä¤»²£ªº²£¥J©Êª¬¥­§¡­È©M¼Ð·Ç°¾®t
Table 2. General means and standard deviations of litter traits from parity one to parity six in various rabbit breeds

©Êª¬
Trait

²£¦¸
Parity

ªì²£ Parity one

²Ä¤G²£ Parity two

²Ä¤T²£ Parity three

²Ä¥|²£ Parity four

²Ä¤­²£ Parity five

²Ä¤»²£ Parity six

²Ä¤@²£
¦Ü¤»²£
Parity one to parity six

¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß
New Zealand White

L

­L¼Æ

1374

1107

922

747

616

504

5270

GI

­L¶Z
¤é¼Æ

¡@

55.4±17.0

56.2±17.8

56.3±18.0

57.3±18.5

56.3±16.8

56.2±17.6

LSB

¥X¥Í®É²£¥J¼Æ

6.41±2.31

7.04±2.29

7.20±2.42

7.02±2.62

6.76±2.64

6.69±2.53

6.84±2.45

NBA

¥X¥Í®É¬¡¥J¼Æ

5.97±2.67

6.79±2.59

6.81±2.83

6.60±2.96

6.38±2.93

6.23±2.89

6.45±2.80

SRB

¥X¥Í®É¦s¬¡²v

91.7±25.1

95.1±19.7

93.6±22.4

93.0±23.1

92.6±23.6

91.7±25.4

93.0±23.2

LSW

Â÷¨Å®É¬¡¥J¼Æ

4.38±2.89

5.27±2.73

5.29±2.88

5.09±2.93

4.98±2.85

4.72±2.82

4.93±2.87

SRW

Â÷¨Å®É¦s¬¡²v

65.9±37.7

73.5±32.5

72.2±32.9

71.0±33.7

71.6±33.6

68.6±35.0

70.2±34.6

¹p§J´µ¨ßRex

L

­L¼Æ

1182

802

552

371

270

177

3354

GI

­L¶Z
¤é¼Æ

¡@

63.7±20.3

67.0±21.1

67.1±21.8

69.0±21.9

69.6±22.7

66.3±21.2

LSB

¥X¥Í®É²£¥J¼Æ

5.13±2.04

5.77±2.29

5.95±2.40

5.85±2.27

5.59±2.28

5.47±2.19

5.55±2.24

NBA

¥X¥Í®É¬¡¥J¼Æ

4.51±2.46

5.36±2.53

5.50±2.65

5.47±2.44

5.14±2.50

4.96±2.30

5.05±2.54

SRB

¥X¥Í®É¦s¬¡²v

84.6±32.7

90.7±25.5

91.0±24.9

92.9±20.2

90.3±24.6

89.4±24.9

88.8±27.8

LSW

Â÷¨Å®É¬¡¥J¼Æ

2.89±2.52

3.82±2.62

3.89±2.75

3.94±2.58

3.68±2.50

3.41±2.53

3.49±2.63

SRW

Â÷¨Å®É¦s¬¡²v

52.7±41.8

63.7±38.2

62.7±38.0

65.5±36.9

63.1±37.0

58.6±38.6

59.5±39.6

L: Number of litters ; LSB: Litter size at birth; NBA: Number born alive; SRB: Survival rate at birth; LSW: Litter size at weaning; SRW: Survival rate at weaning; GI: Gestation interval; TL: Number of litters in total.

¡@¡@·í§â²Ä¤@²£¦Ü²Ä¤»²£ªº²£¥J¼Æ¶i¦æ²£¥J¼ÆÀW²v¤ÀªR®É¡Aµo²{¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß©M¹p§J´µ¨ß¤§³Ì¤j²£¥J¼Æ¤À§O¬°17©M14ÀY¥J¨ß(¹Ï2)¡C¹p§J´µ¨ß¥H²£¤U6ÀYªººÛ¥J¼Æ©~¦h¼Æ¡A¦Ó¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß«h¥H²£¤U8ÀYªººÛ¥J¼Æ©~¦h¡CÁöµMKhalil et al. (1986)©MLukefahr (1988)¤À§O¦ôºâ¥X¨ßºØªº¥X¥Í¬¡¥J¼Æªº¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v«Ü§C¡A¶È¬°0¡ã0.03¡A¦ý¹Ï2Åã¥Ü¥X¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß©M¹p§J´µ¨ß§¡¨ã¦³¦h²£ªº¥À¨ß¡A¤×¨ä¬O¯à²£¤U10ÀY©Î10ÀY¥H¤Wªº¥À¨ß­L¼Æ¦b¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ßºØ¦Ü¤Ö¦³10¢H¥H¤W¡A¦]¦¹¡A¦h²£¨ß±Ú¸sªºÁc´Þ¬O§_¥i¦æ¡A«h­È±o¶i¤@¨B±´°Q¤§¡C

¹Ï2. ¦U«~ºØ¨ßªº¥X¥Í®É²£¥J¼Æ¤§ÀW²v¤À§G¡C
Fig. 2. Frequency distribution of litter size at birth in various rabbit breeds.

¡@¡@¥À¨ß²£¥J©Êª¬¤§«~ºØ¤ñ¸û¥H«~ºØ©M²£¦¸¬°ÅܼƪºÅܤè¤ÀªRµ²ªG¡A¨ä³Ì¤p§¡¤è¥­§¡­È¦C©óªí3¡C¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß¤§²£¥J¼Æ6.86±0.04ÀY¸û¦h¡A¦Ó¹p§J´µ¨ß«h²£¤U5.63±0.04ÀY¥J¨ß¡C­Y¥H¥X¥Í®É¬¡¥J¼Æ¨Ó¬Ý¡A¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß¸û¹p§J´µ¨ß¦h²£¤U1.31ÀY¬¡¥J¨ß(P<0.01)¡C¥J¨ß¦b¥X¥Í®É©ÎÂ÷¨Å®É¤§¦s¬¡²v¤´¥H¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ßºØ¸û°ª¡A¤À§O¦³92.9¢H©M70.4¢H¡C¦Û²Ä¤@²£¦Ü²Ä¤»²£ªº¤­­Ó²£¦¸¤§­L¶Z¥­§¡¡A¦b¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß¬°¸ûµu(56.3±0.3¤Ñ)¡A¦Ó¹p§J´µ¨ß«h¬°¸ûªø(67.3±0.4¤Ñ)¡C¦]¦¹¨Ìªí3ªºµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¥xÆW¦a°Ï¹}¾iªº¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ßºØ¨ã¦³³Ì¨ÎªºÁc´Þ©Ê¯à¡A¦Ó¹p§J´µ¨ßªºÁc´Þ©Ê¯à«h©úÅã¦a¤£¦p¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß(P<0.05)¡C

¡@¡@Â÷¨Å®É¥J¨ß¦s¬¡²v¤W¡A¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß¬°70.4¢H¤ñ¹p§J´µ¨ß61.0¢H°ª¡C¥J¨ß¦Û¥X¥Í¦Ü¥|¶gÄÖÂ÷¨Å¤§¶¡¡A¾a¥À¨ßªº­÷¨|ºû¥Í¬°¥D¡A¬GÂ÷¨Å®É¥J¨ß¦s¬¡²v¥ç¥iµø¬°¥À¨ßªº­÷¨|¯à¤O¡CWu et al. (1997)´¿¤ÀªR¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß©M¹p§J´µ¨ßªº¨ÅÀY©Êª¬¡Aµo²{¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß¨ã¦³¤­¹ï¨ÅÀY¼Æªº¦Ê¤À²v¬°27.9¢H¡A¸û¹p§J¨ßªº17.2¢H¬°¦h¡C¦b½Þªº¬ã¨s¤åÄm¤¤¡ABicanin (1966)µo²{¥À½Þ¨ÅÀY¼Æ©M²£¥J¼Æ¦³0.43ªº¥¿¬ÛÃö¡A¦ÓPumfrey et al. (1980)¥çµo²{¥À½Þ¨ÅÀY¼Æ»P±Æ§Z¼Æ¦³0.44ªº¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃö¡C¦]¦¹¡A¾i¨ß·~ªÌ­Y±ý§ïµ½¹p§J´µ¨ßªº²£¥J¼Æ©Î­÷¨|¯à¤O¡A«h¤@¨Ö­«µø¨ÅÀY¼Æ©M²£¥J¼Æ¤§¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃö¡A¬O­È±o¶i¤@¨B±´¨s¤§½ÒÃD¡C

¡@¡@¥À¨ß¤À®Y«á¦h¤[¥¼¦A°t¤W´NÀ³²^¨Oªº·Ç«h¡A±`¨Ì¸Ó¨ß¸sªº°O¿ý¨Ó³]©w¸û¹ê»Ú¡A¬G¥H¥À¨ßªº­L¶Z¤é¼Æ¤À§G¤§²Ö­pÀW²v¨Ó¬Ý¡A¹Ï3¦C¥X¦Ó¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß«h¥H40¦Ü50¤ÑªÌ©~¦h¡A¹p§J´µ¨ß«h¥H40¦Ü45¤ÑªÌ©~¦h¡C´«¨¥¤§¡A­Y¦©°£Ãh¥¥´Á30¤Ñ¡A«h¥À¨ß§¡¥i¦b¤À®Y«á10¦Ü20¤Ñ¤º°tºØ¦A¨ü¥¥¡CÁöµM¥À¨ß¸s¦³¤£¤Î1¢Hªº¥À¨ß©ó¤À®Y«á¥ß§Y¥i¦A°tºØ¤§±¡§Î(­L¶Z¬°30¤ÑªÌ)¡A¦ý¥ç¦³ªø¹F305¤ÑªÌ¡C¦]¦¹¡A­Y¥H¥À¨ß¸sªº75¢H¤v¨ü¥¥¬°¼Ð·Ç¡A«h¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß©M¹p§J´µ¨ß«h¤À§O¦b­L¶Z¤é¼Æ¬°60¦Ü65¤Ñ©M75¦Ü80¤Ñ¹F¨ì75¢H¡C´«¨¥¤§¡A¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß©M¹p§J´µ¨ß¦b¤À®Y«á35¤Ñ©M50¤Ñ¤´¥¼°tºØªÌ¡A¥i¦Ò¼{¤©¥H²^¨O¤§¡C®Ú¾Ú¥»¬ã¨sªí4­L¶Z»P¸Ó²£¦¸¤§²£¥J¼Æªº¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ§e²{­t¬ÛÃö(P<0.0001)¨Ó¬Ý¡A«h­L¶Z·Uªø¹ï²£¥J¼Æ©Î¬¡¥J¼Æ²¤¦³¤£§Q¼vÅT¡C¦¹ºØ­t®ÄÀ³¦b¹p§J´µ¨ß¡A¤À§O¬°-0.09©M-0.08ªº­t¬ÛÃö¡C­L¶Zªº©Ôªø¹ï²Ä¤G²£¦Ü²Ä¤»ªº²£¥J¼Æ§¡§e¤£§Qªº­t¬ÛÃö¡A¦ý²Ä¤»²£ªº­t¬ÛÃö¤£ÅãµÛ¡C

ªí3. ¥À¨ß²£¥J©Êª¬¤§«~ºØ¤ñ¸û
Table 3. Breed comparison on litter traits of rabbits

©Ê ª¬
Trait

«~ ºØ Breed

¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß
New Zealand White

¹p§J´µ¨ß
Rex

­L¼Æ
No. of litters

5270

3354

¥X¥Í®É²£¥J¼Æ
Litter size at birth

6.86±.03a

5.63±.04b

¥X¥Í®É¬¡¥J¼Æ
Number born alive

6.46±.03a

5.15±.05b

¥X¥Í®É¦s¬¡²v
Survival rate at birth

92.9±0.3a

89.8±0.5b

Â÷¨Å®É¬¡¥J¼Æ
Litter size at weaning

4.95±.04a

3.61±.05b

Â÷¨Å®É¦s¬¡²v
Survival rate at weaning

70.4±0.5a

61.0±0.7b

­L¶Z¤é¼Æ
Farrowing interval in days

56.3±0.3a

67.3±0.4b

Mean±SE.
a,b Means with different superscripts differ (P<0.05).

ªí4. ­L¶Z¹ï¥X¥Í®É²£¥J©Êª¬¤§¼vÅT
Table 4. Influence of farrowing interval on litter traits at birth

¶µ ¥Ø
Item

¥À¨ß
Number of does

­L¶Z©M¦¹©Êª¬¤§¬ÛÃö«Y¼Æ
Correlation coefficient between farrowing interval and the trait

¥X¥Í®É²£¥J¼Æ
Litter size at birth

¥X¥Í®É¬¡¥J¼Æ
Number born alive

¥X¥Í®É¦s¬¡²v
Survival rate at birth

¯Ã¦èÄõ¥Õ¨ß
New Zealand White

3896

-0.04(P<.0089)

-0.02(P>.0771)

0.01(P>.3847)

¹p§J´µ¨ß
Rex

2172

-0.09(P<.0001)

-0.08(P<.0002)

-0.02(P>.1966)

¡@

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¡@¡@¥»¬Ù¾i¨ß¨Æ·~ÁöµM·½°_«Ü¦­¡A¤]´¿±À¼s¤j³W¼Ò¥ø·~¤Æ¾i¨ß¨Æ·~¡A°ß¨ß¤ò¥Ö»s§@¹Lµ{·|²£¥ÍÀô«O¦Ã¬VºÃ¼{¡A¥t¥~¨ß°¦ªº¯e¯f±±¨î¡B®L©uÁc´Þ°ÝÃD»P¨ß¤lªºÃdª«§Î¶Hµ¥§¡³y¦¨¾i¨ß¨Æ·~µo®iªº²~ÀV¡C¥»©Ò¦b¹L¥h´¿¤Þ¤J¤£¦P¨ß«~ºØ¶i¦æ¬ã¨sÆ[¹î¡A³v¨B«Ø¥ß¨ß°¦¤H¤u±Âºë¡B¤ò¥ÖŲ©w§Þ³N¡A¨Ã­P¤O©ó¦p¦ó­°§C¨ß°¦®L©u¼öºò­¢¤§¬ã¨s¡A¹ê¤w³þ©w¤F¥»¬Ù¾i¨ß©Ò»Ýªº¦U¶µ¥Í²£§Þ³N¡C

¡@¡@¥Ñ©ó¨ß°¦©ö©ó¹}¾i¡BÁc´Þ¡A¦bÂå¾Ç(¹êÅç°Êª«)»P­¹ª«¥Í²£(­x¨Æ¥Î³~)¤W¦³¨ä¯S®íªº¦a¦ì¡A¥»©Ò±N«ùÄò§â¤w¬ãµoªº§Þ³N©Ó¶Ç¤U¨Ó¡A¥¼¨Ó°t¦X²£·~¨«¦V¡A´Á¯à¦b¾A·í®É¾÷±N²Ö¿nªº¸gÅç»P§Þ³N°^Ämµ¹ªÀ·|¡C

°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm

³¯®Ê»a¡C1989¡C¨ß¤§¥Í´Þ¥Í²z¡C¾i¨ß±M¿è¡C¥xÆW¬Ù¯b²£¸ÕÅç©Ò½s¦L¡App.1¡ã15¡C

¶À㫺¡B¹ù©v¤å¡B§õ­Z²±¡B½²¨q®e¡B³¢²r¼w¡C1987¡C¾i¨ß¤j¶q¥Í²£§Þ³N¤§¶}µo(¢¾)¡GÂø¥æ¨ßºØ¿ï¨|¤§´ú©w¸ÕÅç¡C¥xÆW¬Ù¹AªLÆU¯b²£µûij·|¤C¤Q¤»¦~«×¸ÕÅç³ø§i¡App.422¡ã425¡C

¾G¸Î«H¡B¶À㫺¡BÀ¹¡@Á¾¡C1989¡C¨ß¨|ºØ§ï¨}¡C¾i¨ß±M¿è¡C¥xÆW¬Ù¯b²£¸ÕÅç©Ò½s¦L¡App.73¡ã102¡C

Bicanin, M. 1966. Correlation between the number of teats in the sow and the number of piglet born live, in relation to asymmetry. Anim. Breed. Abstr. 36(2): 276.

Cheeke, P. R., N. M. Patton, S. D. Lukefahr and J. I. McNitt. 1987. Chapter 11. Rabbit reproduction. In Rabbit Production, Sixth Edition. The Interstate Printers and Publishers, Inc., Danville, Illinois. pp. 249~274.

Khalil, M. H., J. B. Owen and E. A. Afifi. 1986. A review of phenotypic and genetic parameters associated with meat production traits in rabbits. Anim. Breed. Abstr. 54: 725~749.

Lukefahr, S. D. 1988. Progressive genetic applications for improved commercial production efficiency in the rabbit industry. J. Appl. Rabbit Res. 11(3): 161~175.

Ozimba, C. E. and S. D. Lukefahr. 1991. Comparison of rabbit breed types for postweaning litter growth, feed efficiency, and survival performance traits. J. Anim. Sci. 69(9) : 3494¡ã3500.

Pumfrey, R. A., R. K. Johnson, P. J. Cunningham and D. R. Zimmerman. 1980. Inheritance of teat number and its relationship to maternal traits in swine. J. Anim. Sci. 50(6): 1057~1060.

Rollins, W. C., R. B. Casady, K. Sittmann and D. B. Sittmann. 1963. Genetic variance component analysis of litter size and weaning weight of New Zealand White rabbits. J. Anim. Sci. 22 : 654¡ã657.
SAS. 1985. SAS User¡¦s Guide. Statistics Edition. Statistical Analysis System, SAS Institute, Cary, NC. USA.

Wu, M. C., N. C. Chen, C. T. Huang and M. S. Lee. 1997. Analysis of teat characteristics of New Zealand White and Rex Rabbits. J. Chin. Soc. Anim. Sci. 26(4): 451~460.



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