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¡@¡@²O¤Ú²yÂH¤O¯Ê¥¢¯g(Leukocyte Adhension Deficiency, ²ºÙ¬°LAD)¬O¤@ºØµo¥Í©ó¤HÃþ¡Bª¯¤Î¤ûµ¥¦hºØ°Êª«ªº¿ò¶Ç¯e¯f¡A¦­¦b1974»P1975¦~§Yµo²{¤F¤HÃþ»Pª¯ªºLAD¡A¦ý¬O¤ûªºLAD«hª½¨ì1990¦~¤~³Q¬ü°êÃ~Âå®v¬_¨½Àq¡]Marcus Kehrli¡^³Õ¤h¦~¦b¤@¶µ¨Å©Ðª¢¨¾ªvªº¬ÛÃö¬ã¨s¤¤µo²{¡A¨Ã©R¦W¬°Bovine Leukocyte Adhension Deficiency¡A°ê»Ú¤W²ºÙ¬°BLAD¡A¥Ø«e¤w©ó²üÄõ¤ûÀË´ú¥X³¡¥÷­ÓÅé±a¦³¦¹­P¦º©ÊÅé¬V¦âÅéÁô©Ê¿ò¶Ç¯Ê³´(Kehrli et al., 1990)¡C¨ã¦³Áô©Ê¯Â¦X«¬°ò¦](BLAD)ªº¥J¤û±`©ö¨ü¨ì·P¬V¦ÓµLªkªvÀø²¬Â¡¡A©ó©Ê¦¨¼ô«e¦º¤`(Takahashi et al., 1987¡FKehrli et al., 1992¡FGilbert et al., 1993)¡C¤û°¦¦pªG±a¦³³oºØ¿ò¶Ç¯e¯f(¿ò¶Ç«¬¬°¾Ö¦³¨â­Ó¬ðÅܪº¹ï°¸°ò¦]¡A¦b¦¹§Ú­ÌºÙ¤§¬°¦³¯f«¬)¡A¥J¤û³q±`¦b¤@·³ÄÖ¥H«e¡A¦]µLªk«Ø¥ß§¹µ½ªº¦Û½Ã¨t²Î¡A·P¬V¯e¯f¦Ó¦º¤` (Husten, 1992¡FGilbert et al., 1993¡FGerardi, 1996)¡C¤û²O¤Ú²yÖߤOÁÞ³J¥Õ£]-unit CD-18®Öþ«§Ç¦C¸g©w§Ç«á¡A¬O¤@­Ó¦³2310­Ó®Öþ«»Ä§Ç¦C©M769Ói°ò»Äªº°ò¦](Shuster et al., 1992a)¡C·í²Ä128­ÓÓi°ò»Ä¤Ñªù¥V»Ä³Q¥ÌÓi»Ä¨ú¥N«á¡A²O¤Ú²yÖߤOµo¥Í¯Ê¥¢¡A¦Ó³oºØÓi°ò»Ä¨ú¥N©Êªº¬ðÅܬO¾É·½©ó²Ä383­Ó®Öþ«»Ä²£¥ÍA¨ìG³æÂI¬ðÅÜ(Shuster et al., 1992b)¡C³o¶µ³æÂI¬ðÅܾɭP­ì¦³ªºTaq¢¹¤À¤ÁÂI®ø¥¢¡A¦Ó²£¥Í¤@­ÓHae¢»¤À¤ÁÂI(¹Ï1)¡C§Q¥Î»E¦Xþª³sÂê¤ÏÀ³§Þ³N©M­­¨îþª¯S©Ê¡AShuster et al. (1992b)¥iª½±µÀË´ú¤û°¦DNA¡A¨Ã§PŪ¨ä¿ò¶Ç«¬¬°¥¿±`¡BÂø¦X«¬©Î¦³¯f«¬ (Áô©Ê¯Â¦X«¬)¡C¦³¯f«¬·|²£¥Í¤û²O¤Ú²yÖߤO¯Ê¥¢¯g³Q©R¬°BLAD¡A¦Ó±a¦³¬ðÅÜ°ò¦]ªºÂø¦X«¬«h©R¬°BL¡F¦Ü©ó¥¿±`«¬¤û°¦«h¦]ÀË´ú¤£¨ì¬ðÅÜ°ò¦]¦Ó©R¦W¬°TL (Tested free of BLAD)¡C¼w°êTammen et al. ©ó1993¦~°_¡A¬°¿z°£CD-18¬ðÅÜ°ò¦]¦b¤û¸sªºÀW²v¡A­«·s³]­p¤@²Õ»E¦Xþª³sÂê¤ÏÀ³ªº¤Þ¤l®M²Õ¡A²£¥Í101bpªºDNA¤ù¬q¡A¸g­­¨îþª¤À¤Á«áªº¤ù¬q«¬¸û©ö§PŪ(Tammen et al., 1996)¡F¥H¦â¦CHochman et al. (1996) ¥ç­«·s³]­p¤@²Õ¤Þ¤l°t¦X¤û­F©Ê§O©M¦h¶µ¿ò¶Ç«¬¤§¦P¨BŲ©w¡A¥i±oª¾¤û­FªºCD-18¿ò¶Ç«¬¬°TL¡BBL©ÎBLADªÌ¡F¦Ó Kriegesmann et al.(1997) µo®i¥X¥t¤@²Õ¤Þ¤l¸g»E¦Xþª³sÂê¤ÏÀ³«á¥i²£¥Í§óªø¤§ DNA ¤ù¬q(343 bp) ¡A¸g­­¨îþª¤À¤Á«áªº¤ù¬q«¬§ó©ö§PŪ¡C¼Ú¡B¬ü¡B¤éµ¥°ê§¡µo²{¦b²üÄõ¤û±Ú¸s¤¤¦¹°ò¦]ÀW²v«Ü°ª¡A¨Ò¦p Jorgensen et al. (1993) ÀË´ú694ÀY²üÄõ¤½¤û´Nµo²{¦³100ÀY±a¦³BLAD°ò¦]¡CµM¦Ó¦b¨ä¥¦«~ºØ¤û°¦¤û¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤Uµg­P¦º°ò¦]¤§ÀË´ú«h¥¼¦³³ø§i¡C¥xÆW¬Ù¯b²£¸ÕÅç©ÒùÚ¬K¤À©Ò«O¦³¥xÆW¶À¤û (Taiwan Yellow) «OºØ±Ú¸s»P¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û (Brahman)¡A¸Ó¶À¤û±Ú¸s¬O¥Ñ¥»¬Ù¦U¦a¤Îª÷ªù©Ò¦¬¶°¦Ó¨Ó¨Ã¶i¦æ«OºØÁc­l¡A¦Ó¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û«h¥Ñ°ê¥~¶i¤f«á¦A¦æÁc­lªº±Ú¸s¡C¬°ÁA¸Ñ¤û¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤Uµg­P¦º°ò¦]¦b¥»¬Ù¶À¤û±Ú¸s¤Î©Ô°Ò¤û¤¤¬O§_¦s¦b¡A¤D¶i¦æ¸Óµ¥±Ú¸s¿zÀË¡C

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¡@¡@¦å¼Ë¸g¤@¯ë¥Í¤Æ¨BÆJ¯Â¤Æ¥X®Ö¤ºDNA¡A¥HµLµß¤ôµ}ÄÀ¦¨¼ÒªODNA¡A­Ú¶i¦æPCR¡C¤ÏÀ³ª«²K¥[¿@«×»P²K¥[¶q¦pªí2©Ò¥Ü¡C¦Uºw¤J¨âºwÄqª«ªo«á¡AÂ÷¤ß¤@¦¸¡A¨Ïªo¦b¤W§K°£»]µo±¼ªº°ÝÃD¡C¾Þ§@¨BÆJ¦b¥~§j¦¡µLµß¾Þ§@Âd¶i¦æ¡C¤Þ¤l®Öþ«§Ç¦C¡G

BLAD1¡G 5¡¥ GACCTTCCGGAGGTCCAAGG3¡¦ (65.0¢H GC)
BLAD2¡G 5¡¥ CCGAAACCAATGCTGCCCGA3¡¦ (60.0¢H GC)

Forward Primer

aa
p90a.gif (1619 ­Ó¦ì¤¸²Õ) sequence
NO.
351

5'G

ACC TTC¡@ CGG

AGG

GCC AAG GGC ¡@TAC

Val

Thr Phe Arg Arg Ala Lys Gly Tyr 125
¡ô
117 Hae¢»
Taq¢¹
¡õ
376 CCC ATC p90b.gif (2001 ­Ó¦ì¤¸²Õ) CTG TAC¡@ TAC CTG ATG GAC
Pro Ile Leu Tyr Tyr Leu Met Asp 134
¡ô
Hae¢»
403 CTC TCC TAC TCC ATG GTG GAT GAC CTC
Leu Ser Tyr Ser Met Val Asp Asp Leu 143
430 GTC AAC GTC AAG AAG CTG   GGG GGT GAC
Val Asn Val Lys Lys Leu Gly Gly Asp 152
Hae¢»
¡õ
457 GTC CTG CGG GCC CTC AAT GGC ATC ACC
Leu Leu Arg Ala Leu Asn Gly Ile Thr 161
Hae¢»
¡õ 506
484 GAG TCG GGC CGC ATT GGT TTC GG-3' 169
Glu Ser Gly Arg Ile Gly Phe Gly
p90.gif (2363 ­Ó¦ì¤¸²Õ)
Reverse Primer

¹Ï1. ¤ûCD-18 cDNAªº³¡¤À®Öþ«§Ç¦C(351¡÷506)©MÓi°ò»Ä§Ç¦C¡C»E¦Xþª³sÂê¤ÏÀ³ªº¥¿¦V¤Þ¤l©M¤Ï¦V¤Þ¤l§¡­×¥¿¤@­Ó®Öþ«»Ä¨Ó®ø°£Hae¢»­­¨îþª¤À¤ÁÂI¡CCD-18¬ðÅÜÂI¬O²Ä383­Ó®Öþ«»Ä¥ÑA¬ðÅܬ°G¡A³y¦¨Taq¢¹¤À¤ÁÂI®ø¥¢¡A¦ý§Î¦¨¤@­ÓHae¢»¤À¤ÁÂI¡AÓi°ò»Ä¥Ñ¥ÌÓi»Ä¨ú¥N¤Ñªù¥V»Ä¡C

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1.0 m L

dNTP 100 m mole / m L 1.0 m L
10X PCR Buffer ¡@ 2.5 m L
µLµß¥hÂ÷¤l¤ô ¡@ 9.2 m L
¼Ë«~ DNA 25~40 ng / m L 10.0 m L
Á` ¶q ¡@ 25.0 m L

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a.°_°Ê¡G94¢J¡A5 ¤À¡C
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c.²×¤î¡G72¢J¡A5 ¤À¡C

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  2. ¨úPCR²£ª«5 m L»P­­¨îþªTag I (BM, 10 U/ m L) 1 m L¡Bbuffer 1 m L¤Î3 m LµLµß¥hÂ÷¤l¤ô©ó65¢J¤ÏÀ³3¤p®É«á¶i¦æ¹qªa¤ÀªR¡C

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µ²ªG

¤@¡B©Ò¦³ÀË´ú¤§139ÀY¥xÆW¶À¤û»P70ÀY¥¬©Ô°Ò¤ûªºDNA¼Ë«~¡A§Q¥ÎBLADÀË´ú¤Þ¤lBLAD1 / BLAD2¸gPCR¼W´T«á¡A¦b¹qªa¹Ï¤W§¡²£¥Í¬ù156 bp¯S²§©Êªº DNA¤ù¬q(¹Ï2)¡A»P²üÄõ¤ûªºDNA¨Ï¥Î¤Þ¤lBLAD1 / BLAD2¸gPCR¼W´T«á©Ò§e²{¦b¹qªa¹Ï¤W¤§¯S²§©ÊªºDNA¤ù¬q¬Û¦P¡AÅã¥Ü¦b¦¹¨â­Ó«~ºØ¤û°¦¥ç¦³BLAD°ò¦]§Ç¦C¡C

p92.jpg (34208 ­Ó¦ì¤¸²Õ)

¹Ï2.¥¿±`¤û(TL)¡BÂø¦X¤û(BL)»P¦³¯f¤û(BLAD)¥H¤Þ¤lBLAD1/BLAD2¸g PCR ¼W´T©Ò±o 156bp PCR²£ª«ªº¥¼¤À¤Á¤ù¬q»P¦A¤À§O¸g­­¨îþªHae¢» »P Taq¢¹¤À¤Á«áªº¤ù¬q¤§¹qªa¬Û¡C

Y¡G¥xÆW¶À¤û¡@B¡G¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û¡@H¡G²üÄõ¤û¡@M¡Gmarker

¤G¡B¥H­­¨îþªHaeIII¤À¤ÁPCR²£ª««á¦b¥¿±`¤û(TL, ¤£±a¦³BLAD°ò¦])§e²{116bp / 40bpªºDNA¤ù¬q¡AÂø¦X«¬¤û(BL, ±a¦³¼ç¥ñ©ÊBLAD°ò¦]¤Î¥¿±`¿ò¶Ç°ò¦]ªÌ) «h¦³116 bp / 83 bp / 40 bp / 33 bp¥|±øDNA¤ù¬q¡A¦³¯f¤û(BLAD,±a¦³¨â­Ó¼ç¥ñ©ÊBLAD°ò¦])«h¦³83 bp / 40 bp / 33bp¤T±øDNA¤ù¬q¡F¥H­­¨îþªTaqI¤À¤ÁPCR²£ª««á¦b¥¿±`¤û§e²{126 bp / 30 bpªºDNA¤ù¬q¡AÂø¦X«¬¤û«h¦³156 bp / 126 bp / 30 bp¤T±øDNA¤ù¬q¡A¦³¯f¤û«h¶È¦³156 bp³æ¤@¤ù¬q (¹Ï2)¡C

¤T¡B©Ò¦³ÀË´ú¤§¥xÆW¶À¤û»P¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û§¡¤£±a¦³¼ç¥ñ©Ê¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤Uµg­P¦º°ò¦]¡AÅã¥Ü¸Ó¤£¨}°ò¦]À³¤£­P¼vÅT¦¹¨â­Ó¤û¸s¡C

µ²½×

¡@¡@ÁöµM¥Ñ¤w¶i¤f¤§Âø¦X«¬ (BL) ²üÄõ¤ûºë²G¼Æ¶q¡A¥i±Àª¾¦¹¶µ¤£¨}¿ò¶Ç°ò¦]¦b¥»¬Ù¨Å¤û¸s¤¤ÀW²v¥ç«Ü°ª¡A¦ý¦b¥»¸ÕÅç©Ò¦³ÀË´ú¤§¥xÆW¶À¤û¤Î¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û§¡µL¦¹¤û¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤Uµg­P¦º°ò¦]³QÀË¥X¡C¥Ñ©ó¯ÂºØ¦×¡B§Ð¥Î¤û¦h±Ä¦ÛµM¥æ°t¡A¬G±À¦ô¦¹¶µ¤£¨}¿ò¶Ç°ò¦]¹ï¥»¬Ù¦×¡B§Ð¥Î¤ûÀ³¼vÅT¤£¤j¡C

°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm

Georges, M., D. Nielsen, M. Mackinnon, A. Mishra, R. Okimoto, A.T. Pasquino, L.S. Sargeant, A. Sorensen, M.R. Steele, X. Zhao, J.E. Womack and ¢¹. Hoeschele. 1995. Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling milk production in dairy cattle by exploiting progeny testing. Genetics 139: 907~920.

Gerardi, A. S. 1996. Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency: a review of morden disease and its application. Res. Vet. Sci. 61: 183~186.

Gilbert, R. O., W. C. Rebhun, C. A. Kim, M. E. Kehrli, M. E. Shuster and M. R. Ackermann. 1993. Clinical manifestations of leukocyte adhesion deficiency in cattle : 14 cases (1977-1991). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 202: 445~449.

Hochman, D., Y. Zaron, I. Dekel, E. Feldmesser, J. F. Medrano, M. Shani and M. Ron. 1996. Multiple genotype analysis and sexing of IVF bovine embryos. Theriogenology 46: 1063~1075.

Hochman, D., Y. Zaron, I. Dekel, E. Feldmesser, J. F. Medrano, M. Shani and M. Ron. 1996. Multiple genotype analysis and sexing of IVF bovine embryos. Theriogenology 46: 1063~1075.

Husten, L. 1992. The legacy of Ivanhoe. Discover. May(1992): 22~23.

Jorgensen, C. B., Agerholm, J. S., Pedersen, J. and Thomsen, P. D. 1993. Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency in Danish Holstein-Friesian cattle. I. PCR Screening and allele frequency estimation. Acta Vet. Scand. 34: 321~326.

Kehrli Jr., M. E., F. C. Schmalstieg, D. C. Anderson, M. J. Van Der Maaten, B. J. Hughes, M. R. Ackermann, C. L. Wilhelmsen, G. B. Brown, M. G. Stevens and C. A. Whetstone. 1990. Molecular definition of the bovine granulocytopathy syndrome: Identification of deficiency of the Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) glycoprotein. Am. J. Vet. Res. 51(11): 1826~1836.

Kehrli, M. E., D. E. Shuster and M. R. Ackermann. 1992. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency among Holstein cattle. Cornell Veterinarian 82: 103~109.

Kriegesmann, B., S. Jansen, B. G. Baumgartner and B. Brenig. 1997. Partial genomic structure of the bovine CD18 gene and the refinement of test for bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency. J. Dairy Sci. 80: 2547~12549.

Shuster, D. E., B. T. Bosworth and M. E. Kehrli Jr. 1992a. Sequence of the bovine CD18-encoding cDNA: comparison with the human and murine glycoproteins. Gene 114: 267~271.

Shuster, D. E., M. E. Kehrli Jr., M. R. Ackermann and R. O. Gilbert. 1992b. Identification and prevalence of a genetic defect that causes leukocyte adhesion deficiency in Holstein cattle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 9225~9229.

Takahashi, K., K. Miyagawa, S. Abe, T. Kurosawa, M. Sonoda, T. Nakade, H. Nagahata, H. Noda, Y. Chihaya and E. Isogai. 1987. Bovine granulocytopathy syndrome of Holstein-Friesian calves and heifers. Japanese J. Vet. Sci. 49: 733~736.

Tammen, I., H. Klippert, A. Kuczka, A. Treviranus, J. Pohlenz. M. Stober, D. Simon and B. Harlizius. 1996. An improved DNA test for bovine leucocyte adhesion deficiency. Res. Vet. Sci. 60: 218~221.



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