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·Å±a¦å²Îªº¤û(Bos taurus)¡A¦p¦w®æ´µ¤û(Angus)¡A¥Õ±¤û(Hereford)¡A¼w°ê¶À¤û(Gelbvieh)¡A«h©Ê¦¨¼ô¦¡BÁc´Þ¤O¨Î¡B¼W«§Ö¡B¦×¥Î¯à¤O¨Î¡A¦ý¤£@¼ö¥B§Ü¾À½¾¯à¤O®t¡C¬G©ó¥xÆW°ª·Å¦hÀ㪺¨È¼ö±aÀô¹Ò¤U¡A·Å±a¤ûªºªí²{¤£ºÉ²z·Q¡C¦b°ê¥~¡A¥H¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û»P·Å±a«~ºØ¤ûÂø¥æ¨Ó¥Í²£¨ã¸gÀٮįq¤§°Ó¥Î¤û°¦§¡¦³·¥°ªªºµû»ù¡A¦]¦¹¡A¥»¸ÕÅçÀÀÀ³¥ÎùÚ¬K¤À©Òì¥ý¦Û°ê¥~¤Þ¶i¤§¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û¤Î¼w°ê¶À¤û»P²{¦³¤§¸t¹FºØ¤û¶i¦æ¯ÂºØÁc´Þ¤ÎÂø¥æ°tºØ¡AµM«á¦A»P³Ì²×¤½¤û«~ºØ(terminal
sire)
Âø¥æ°tºØ¡A¤ñ¸û¦U«~ºØ¶¡¥Íªø¡BÁc´Þ¡B²£¦×¯à¤O¤ÎÀô¹Ò¾AÀ³©Êµ¥¦U¶µ©Ê¯à¡A±q¦Ó¿ï¾Ü¾A¦X©ó¥»¬ÙÀô¹Ò¤§¦×¤û«~ºØ¡A°µ¬°¥¼¨Ó±À¼s¹A¥Á¤§¥Î¡C
¡@¡@¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û¨ã@¼ö©M@¾À½¾ªº¯à¤O(Ensminger, 1968¡FMason,
1981)¡A¦Ó¨ä±OÅé¤ñ¸t¹F¤û§t¸û¦h¤§ºë¦×¤Î¸û¤Öªº¯×ªÕ(Willis and Preston,
1969a)¡A¨ä²£Ã}²v¥ç¸û¸t¹F¬°°ª(Willis and Preston, 1969b)¡A©Î¦Ü¤Ö»P¸t¹F¤û¬Û·í(Meads
et al., 1959¡FWarnick et al., 1967)¡A¦Ó¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û»P^°ê«~ºØ(British
breeds)ªº¦×¤ûÂø¥æ«á¦b¥À¤ûÁc´Þ¤O¡B¥J¤û¥X¥ÍÅé«¡B¥J¤û¦s¬¡²v¡BÂ÷¨Å²v(Fulier,
1973)¤Î¹}®Æ´«¦×²v(Warwick, et al., 1973)¤è±¡A¨ã¦³°ªªºÂø¥æÀu¶Õ¡C¼w°ê¶À¤û(Gelbvieh)¬°¤¤«¬Å髬¤§Ý¥Î«~ºØ¤û¡A¦b²£¨Å¯à¤O¤è±¡A¨ä»P^°ê«~ºØ¤§Âø¥æºØÀu©ó¤@¯ë¼Ú¬w¦×¥Î«~ºØ»P^°ê«~ºØ¤§Âø¥æºØ¡A¦]¦¹¥J¤û¦³¸û«ªº200¤éÄÖÅé«(Cundiff
et al., 1982¡FCundiff et al., 1982)¡C¾Ú°ê¥~¸ê®ÆÅã¥Ü¡A¼w°ê¶À¤û»P^°ê«~ºØ¤ûÂø¥æ¤§«á¥N¡A¨ä¥À¤ûªºÃø²£²vÀu©ó¨ä¥L¤¤¨ì¤j«¬«~ºØ¤§¦×¤û(Keith
et al., 1982)¡F¨ä¥J¤û¦Û¥X¥Í¦Ü200¤éÄÖªº¥§¡¤é¼W«Àu©ó¨ä¥L«~ºØ¡F¨ä¤k¤ûªºµo¨¤éÄ֥禩ó¨ä¥L¦U«¬¦×¤û«~ºØ(Keith
et al., 1982)¡A¬G¼w°ê¶À¤ûÅã¥Ü¥X¨ä¬°³æÂø¥æ«~ºØ¤§¨}¦n±ø¥ó¡A¤D¿ï¬°¥»pµe¤¤»P¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û¤Î¸t¹F¤ûÂø¥æ¤§«~ºØ¡C¦Ü©óterminal
sire¤§«~ºØ«h¥H¥Íªø§Ö¡B¦×½è¦n¡B²£¦×¯à¤O±j¤§«~ºØ¬°¥D¡C®L¬¥§Q¤û(Charolais)¬°¤@µÛ¦W¤§¼Ú³°¤j«¬¦×¥Î«~ºØ¡A¦b¥Íªø¤è±¡A¨ä»P^°ê«~ºØÂø¥æ«á¥N¥H^°ê«~ºØ©ÎÂø¥æºØ«~«á¥N¦³¸û§Öªº¥Íªø³t²v(Warwick,
1973)¡AÂ÷¨Å¤Î¤@·³ÄÖ¤§Åé«¥çªí²{¨}¦n(Charles, 1980)¡C¦b±OÅé¤è±¡A®L¬¥§Q»P¦UÃþ«¬«~ºØ¤§Âø¥æ¤û¨Ó©M¯Â¼Ú³°«~ºØ¡B^°ê«~ºØ¡BªÓ®p¤û©Î«e¤GªÌ»P¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û¤§Âø¥æ¤û°µ¤ñ¸û®É¡AÅã¥Ü¥X®L¬¥§QÂø¥æ¤û¦³¸û¤jªº¸y²´±¿n(Baker,1963¡FCarpenter,
1973)¡A¸û°ª¤§ºë¦×²v(Carpenter, 1973¡FWarwick, 1973)¡AÂл\©ó±OÅ骺¯×ªÕ«p«×¸ûÁ¡(Baker,
1963¡FCarpenter, 1973¡FCharles, 1980)¡F¦ý¤j²z¥Û¯¾¯×ªÕ¤À§G(Marbling)¸û¤Ö(Baker,
1963¡FWarwick, 1973)¡F¹à«×»P^°ê«~ºØ¬Û·í(Carpenter, 1973)¡C¬G§Q¥Î®L¬¥§Q¤½¤û©ó¦×¤ûªºÂø¥æ°tºØ¤¤¥i±o¨ì«Ü©úÅ㪺Âø¥æÀu¶Õ¡A¦]¦Ó¿ï¥Î¬°¥»p¹º³Ì²×¤½¤û«~ºØ¡C
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1)¡A¥H¸t¹F¤û(SG)¤Î¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û(BR)¶i¦æ¯ÂºØÁc´Þ¡A¨Ã»P¼w°ê¶À¤û(GV)¶i¦æÂø¥æ°tºØ¡A¥Í²£¥|Ó«~ºØ¡Ð-¯ÂºØ¸t¹F(SG)¡B¯ÂºØ¥¬©Ô°Ò(BR)¡B¼w°ê¶À¤û¡Ñ¸t¹F(GS)¡B¼w°ê¶À¤û¡Ñ¥¬©Ô°Ò(GB)¡C«á¤¦~ªº²Ä¤G¶¥¬q(Phase
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taurusÃþ)¤Î3/8¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û(ÄÝB. indicusÃþ)©T©w¦Ó¦¨¡A¦û¦³1/2¥H¤W¤§taurus¦å²Î¡A¦Ó¥¬©Ô°Ò¬°100%
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¡@¡@indicus¤ûªº¥X¥ÍÅ髤@¯ë¤ñ taurus¤û»´¡Aªí1¤Îªí2¤¤¡A§tBR¦å²Îªº¤û¤ñ§tSG¦å²Îªº¤û¦³¸û»´ªº¥X¥ÍÅé«¡A¨ä¤¤¥H¯ÂºØBR³Ì»´¡A§t75%
taurus¦å²ÎªºCGB³Ì«¡C¥t¤@¤è±¡A¥Ñ©óBR¦g¥H@¼ö¡B@²Ê§òµÛºÙ¡A¦Ó÷¨Å´Á¶¡¥J¤û§¡ÀH¥À¤û©ñªª¡A¬G§tBR¦å²Î¥J¤ûªº÷¨Å´Á¶¡ADG¤ÎÂ÷¨ÅÅ髧¡¤ñSG¦å²Î¤û¨Óªº¦n¡CSGÁö§t3/8BR¦å²Î¡A²¦³º@²Ê¼ö¯à¤O¤£¦p
BR¡CÂ÷¨Å«áªºÀô¹Ò§ï¬°°é¹}¡A¯ÂºØBRªºªí²{©TµM¤£¦pSG¤Î¨äÂø¥æºØ¡A¦ýBRªºÂø¥æºØ¦b¤@·³ÄÖÅ髤W¤´²¤¦³Àu¶Õ¡C²z½×¤W¡A¤T«~ºØÂø¥æÁö¦³³Ì¤j¤§Âø¥æÀu¶Õ¡A¦ý¸ÕÅçµ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡A¶i¦æÂø¥æ¨|ºØ®É¡AY«~ºØ¿ï¾Ü«ê·í¡A¥¼¥²»Ýn¶i¦æÃm¤é¯Ó®Éªº¤T«~ºØÂø¥æ¤è¦¡¡Aª½±µ¥H¤G«~ºØÂø¥æ§Y¥i±o¨ì¨}¦nªº§ï¶i®ÄªG¡C¥»pµe¤¤¡A¥HCH¨ÓÂø¥æBR½T¯à±o¨ì¦³®Ä§ï¶i¡A¦Ó¤S»PCGB¤§®t²§¤£¤j¡C¥t¥~¡A¸ÕÅçµ²ªG¥çÅã¥Ü¡A¦b¥»¦aÀô¹Ò¤U¡A¦ü¥G50%
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ªí1. Phase1¤£¦P«~ºØ¥J¤û¤§¥Íªø©Ê¯à
¶¥¬q \ «~ºØ |
SG(n=45) |
BR(n=103) |
GS(n=40) |
GB(n=107) |
®Õ¥¿¥X¥ÍÅé«(kg) |
34.7±5.4 |
30.2±3.4 |
34.1±4.7 |
30.5±2.9 |
205¤Ñ®Õ¥¿Â÷¨ÅÅé«(kg) |
145.2±35.3 |
149.4±32.6 |
145.1±34.2 |
166.9±35.3 |
365¤Ñ®Õ¥¿¤@·³ÄÖÅé«(kg) |
324.1±58.3 |
294.4±53.5 |
320.3±50.4 |
333.2±56.2 |
Â÷¨Å«eADG(kg) |
0.54±0.17 |
0.58±0.15 |
0.54±0.17 |
0.67±0.17 |
Â÷¨Å«áADG(kg) |
1.12±0.24 |
0.90±0.24 |
1.10±0.23 |
1.04±0.24 |
¡@
ªí2. Phase2¤£¦P®L¬¥§QÂø¥æ«~ºØ¥J¤û¤§¥Íªø±¡§Î
¶¥¬q \ «~ºØ |
CS(n=36) |
CB(n=73) |
CGS(n=29) |
CGB(n=85) |
®Õ¥¿¥X¥ÍÅé«(kg) |
34.7±5.1 |
32.5±5.3 |
35.2±6.1 |
33.5±5.3 |
205¤Ñ®Õ¥¿Â÷¨ÅÅé«(kg) |
155.0±30.4 |
173.7±27.1 |
155.7±27.3 |
177.7±25.0 |
365¤Ñ®Õ¥¿¤@·³ÄÖÅé«(kg) |
336.2±52.8 |
339.2±52.1 |
333.5±45.6 |
353.0±54.3 |
Â÷¨Å«eADG(kg) |
0.55±0.15 |
0.69±0.13 |
0.57±0.15 |
0.70±0.12 |
Â÷¨Å«áADG(kg) |
1.08±0.28 |
1.02±0.26 |
1.11±0.22 |
1.11±0.27 |
(¤G)¹}®Æ®Ä²v¡@
¡@¡@¤½¤ûªÎ¨|´Á¶¡¤§¹}®Æ®Ä²v´ú©wµ²ªG¦pªí3¤Îªí4¡C¥Ø«ePhase2©|¦³¤@§å¤½¤û¥¿¶i¦æ´ú©w¤¤¡A³Ì«áµ²ªG¶·«Ý¸ÕÅçµ²§ô«á¤è¦³½T¤Á©Ê¤§µ²½×¡C´N¤w§¹¦¨³¡¤À¦Ó¨¥¡A100%
indicusªºBR¤û¦³³Ì¤Öªº±Ä¹¶q¡A¦Ótaurus¤ñ¨Ò³Ì°ªªºCGS¦³³Ì°ªªº±Ä¹¶q¡A«ê¦p·Å¡B¼ö±a¤û¤§¯S©Ê¡C¥H¤é¼W«¤Î¹}®Æ´«¦×²v¨Ó¬Ý¡APhase2ªºCHÂø¥æ¤û¦³¤ñPhase1ªº¤û¬°¨Îªº¶É¦V¡A¦A«×¬ðÅã¥XCH¤§¯S©Ê¡C¥Hªí3¤Îªí4ªºµ²ªG¬Ý¨Ó¡ACHªº¤G«~ºØÂø¥æ¤û(CS¡BCB)ªí²{¸û¦n¡A¥ç»¡©ú¤F¤G«~ºØÂø¥æ¤§¾A¦X©Ê»P«~ºØ¿ï¾Üªº«n©Ê¡C
ªí3. Phase1¤£¦P«~ºØªÎ¨|´Á¶¡¤§¹}®Æ®Ä²v¤ñ¸û
¶µ¥Ø \ «~ºØ |
SG(n=23) |
BR(n=30) |
GS(n=15) |
GB(n=29) |
±Ä¹¶q(kg) |
12.3 |
10.4 |
11.2 |
11.7 |
¤é¼W«(kg) |
0.82 |
0.85 |
0.92 |
0.87 |
¹}®Æ´«¦×²v |
18.9 |
13.7 |
13.4 |
14.6 |
¡@
ªí4. Phase2¤£¦P®L¬¥§QÂø¥æ«~ºØ¤ûªÎ¨|´Á¶¡¤§¹}®Æ®Ä²v¤ñ¸û
¶µ¥Ø \ «~ºØ |
CS(n=3) |
CB(n=4) |
CGS(n=4) |
CGB(n=6) |
±Ä¹¶q(kg) |
11.7±1.5 |
11.6±1.0 |
14.0±3.5 |
11.8±1.2 |
¤é¼W«(kg) |
1.12±0.42 |
1.02±0.19 |
1.01±0.41 |
0.96±0.17 |
¹}®Æ´«¦×²v |
11.2±3.5 |
11.7±1.2 |
14.5±3.0 |
12.4±1.9 |
(¤T)±OÅé©Ê¯à
¡@¡@¨â¶¥¬q¤§±OÅé©Êª¬½Õ¬dµ²ªG¦pªí5¤Îªí6¡A²Ä¤G¶¥¬q¤§±O®_¸ÕÅç¥Ø«e¤´¶i¦æ¤¤¡C²Ä¤@¶¥¬q¤¤¡ABRªº±OÅé©Êª¬¤Î»ùȸû®t¡AGB¦³¸û¦nªº±OÅéºë¦×²v¤Î±OÅé°â»ù¡CYªí5(Âø¥æ«~ºØGS¡BGB)»Pªí6¬Û¸û¡A¸gCHÂø¥æ«á¡A±OÅé©Ê¯à¤Î»ùȧ¡±o¨ì¶i¤@¨Bªº§ïµ½¡G±OÅ髦h¬ù20¤½¤ç(´£°ª¬ù6%)¡A±O®_²v°ª¥X5~7¢M¡A±OÅéºë¦×²v«h°ª¥X3~4¢M¡A±OÅé°â»ù¨CÀY¦h¥X3100~5800¤¸¡Cªí6¤§µ²ªG¤wÅã¥Ü¥X®L¬¥§Q¤û¤§¥t¤@¯S¦â¡Ð°ª±OÅéºë¦×²v¤Î»ùÈ¡A¦Ó¤T«~ºØÂø¥æ¤û¥¼¥²Àu©ó¤G«~ºØÂø¥æ¤û¡C±©¤´¶·«Ý²Ä¤G¶¥¬q¤§±O®_¸ÕÅçµ²§ô¤è¥i±o³Ì«áµ²½×¡C¥t¥~¡Aªí¤¤µ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡A±OÅ髪̥¼¥²±O®_²v°ª¡Bºë¦×²v°ª©Î¸y²´±¿n¤j¡A¦Ó±O®_²v°ªªÌ¥ç¥¼¥²¦³¸û°ªªº±OÅéºë¦×²v©Î¸û¤jªº¸y²´±¿n¡A¦ý¬O°ª±OÅéºë¦×²v»P°ª±OÅé»ùȤ§¶É¦V«o¤jP¤@P¡C
¡@
ªí5. Phase1¤£¦P«~ºØ¤§±OÅé©Ê¯à¤ñ¸û
¶µ¥Ø \ «~ºØ |
SG(n=30) |
BR(n=26) |
GS(n=12) |
GB(n=38) |
±OÅé«(kg) |
330.7±18.0 |
322.9±20.2 |
330.6±14.1 |
331.7±12.7 |
±O®_²v(%) |
57.6±3.6 |
59.9±5.5 |
55.1±3.5 |
56.8±3.8 |
±OÅéºë¦×(%) |
61.7±4.1 |
61.6±4.5 |
64.1±4.0 |
65.7±3.9 |
¸y²´±¿n(cm2) |
80.2±2.2 |
74.7±1.9 |
93.1±2.4 |
83.7±3.6 |
I¯×«p(cm) |
1.0±0.1 |
0.7±0.2 |
0.8±0.1 |
0.8±0.1 |
±OÅé°â»ù(NT$/hd.) |
47213±1833 |
46006±2222 |
47435±1171 |
50203±1305 |
¡@
ªí6. Phase2¤£¦P®L¬¥§QÂø¥æ«~ºØ¤§±OÅé©Ê¯à¤ñ¸û
¶µ¥Ø \ «~ºØ |
CS(n=4) |
CB(n=8) |
CGS(n=4) |
CGB(n=16) |
±OÅé«(kg) |
353.8±29.1 |
347.7±40.1 |
348.7±42.9 |
358.9±52.0 |
±O®_²v(%) |
61.3±1.4 |
58.1±2.9 |
61.7±1.4 |
59.9±3.7 |
±OÅéºë¦×(%) |
68.3±2.5 |
65.7±4.1 |
64.6±3.9 |
66.2±5.9 |
¸y²´±¿n(cm2) |
93.3±17.2 |
87.8±10.2 |
82.3±8.7 |
83.9±8.2 |
I¯×«p(cm) |
0.9±0.5 |
0.9±0.2 |
0.9±0.2 |
0.7±0.3 |
±OÅé°â»ù(NT$/hd.) |
53283±4935 |
50413±3979 |
50265±4806 |
52050±5207 |
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