第二十八卷(1999)
種豬多產基因之檢測
陳佳萱 張秀鑾 吳明哲 廖仁寶 陳若菁
行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所
種豬多產基因是指動情素接受器基因座的B對偶基因，而具BB型的母豬較AA型者每胎可多生1.5~2.3頭活仔豬。本研究利用A和B對偶基因的突變點差異，設計專一的引子，可直接由PCR產物來鑑別受檢個體的基因型。本研究首先檢測多產品種梅山豬59頭，有94.9﹪(56/59)為BB型，其餘均為AB型。再檢測檢定站受檢的種公豬176頭，具BB、AB和AA型者分別為1.1、9.7和89.2﹪，絕大多數豬隻為AA型。依品種區分時，藍瑞斯和杜洛克均未有BB型者，而AB型者比率分別為13.6﹪(9/66)和3.4﹪(3/89)；但約克夏種則有9.5﹪(2/21)為BB型和23.8﹪(5/21)為AB型。而檢測民間種豬場在養種公豬235頭，藍瑞斯、約克夏和杜洛克種分別為24.2(24/99)、66.0(31/47)和5.6﹪(5/89)是具有B對偶基因者。檢測本所Hal-1843為CC型母豬群67頭中，母豬具BB、AB和AA型的比率分別為25.4、53.7和20.7﹪。整體而言，國內的約克夏種具有多產基因的頻率(66.0﹪)遠高於藍瑞斯種(24.2﹪)，而杜洛克種則僅有5.6﹪。篩檢具多產基因之種豬為目前協助民間豬場進行豬基選計畫之一項重點。
關鍵語：動情素接受器、基因型、品種。
DETECTION OF PROLIFICACY GENE IN PIGS
C. H. Chen, H. L. Chang, M. C. Wu, R. B. Liaw and J. C. Chen
Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture
The B allele in the estrogen receptor locus (ESR) is regarded as prolificacy gene in the study. Sows with BB genotype in ESR can produce 1.5~2.3 live piglets more per litter. The difference of mutation points between A and B alleles was used to design a specific primer which was then used directly to genotype tested animals via PCR. A total of 59 Meishan pigs were genotyped in the preliminary study and results showed 94.9﹪(56/59) pigs with BB genotype and the rests with AB genotype. The percentages of BB, AB and AA genotypes in 176 tested boars from Boar Test Station were 1.1, 9.7 and 89.2﹪, respectively. When comparison was made within breed, 13.6﹪(9/66) and 3.4﹪(3/89) tested boars with AB genotype were detected in Landrace (L) or Duroc (D) breeds, respectively but none of pigs with BB type was observed in the corresponding breeds. However, there were 9.5﹪(2/21) and 23.8﹪(5/21) of tested boars with BB and AB genotypes, respectively in Yorkshire (Y) breed. Also, when the technique was applied to 235 boars of private breeding farms for detection, results indicated that there were 24.2(24/99), 66.0(31/47) and 5.6﹪(5/89) boars with ESR B allele in L, Y and D breeds, respectively. Furthermore, results obtained from 67 sows of Hal-1843 CC-genotype herd in the institute showed that the frequencies of ESR-BB, -AB and -AA were 25.4, 53.7 and 20.7﹪, respectively in the stress-free herd. In general, the frequency of Y pigs with ESR-B allele (66.0﹪) was much high that of L pigs (24.2﹪), nevertheless the corresponding frequency was even lower in Duroc breed (5.6﹪). Therefore, identification of pigs with ESR B allele is one of major goals in marker assisted selection (MAS) program currently conducted in private breeding swine farms.
Key Words: Estrogen receptor, Genotype, Breed.
  
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