第四十卷(2011)
紅羽土雞選育族群執行雛白痢清除計畫之評估
邢湘琳 林德育 賴永裕 吳明哲
行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所
雛白痢(Pullorum Disease)是由雛白痢沙門氏桿菌(Salmonella pullorum)所引起的細菌性疾病，主要介蛋與水平傳播，常造成雛雞急性發病死亡，耐過雞群可能成為保菌雞(帶菌者)，種雞場對於此疾病之清除甚為重要，本試驗之目的為協助民間種土雞場建立雛白痢清淨場，期望能使育成率及雞群整齊度提升，進而增加生產效益。試驗紅羽土雞雞群來自進駐本所育成中心之2家種雞場，場內選育族群各世代於15至20周齡時進行翼靜脈採血約1-2mL，進行雛白痢平板凝集試驗，陽性雞隻淘汰不作種用。檢測結果A場陽性率G0及G3至G7世代分別為18.79、7.66、63.50、9.32、14.29及16.30%；B場陽性率G0至G4世代分別為24.2、7.66、11.30、25.40及26.28%。結果陽性率未隨著世代的清除而下降，推測A場G4代所使用檢測試劑疑似過期，A場G6及B場G3時更換試劑品牌，B場G4時搬遷飼養地點，推測因試劑效力、血清型不同、飼養管理及環境變動，造成本試驗陽性率有較高之趨勢。
關鍵語：紅羽土雞、雛白痢
EVALUATION OF POLLORUM DISEASE ELIMINATION IN RED FEATHER NATIVE CHICKEN BREEDING FLOCKS
S. L. Hsing, D. Y. Lin, Y. Y. Lai, and M. C. Wu
Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture
Pullorum disease is caused by Salmonella Pullorum and mainly spreaded by horizontal transmission or infected eggs. Acute outbreaks occur in farms quit often, and the affected chicks becomes no symptomatic carrier and infects the chicks via eggs. Therefore, eliminating the pullorum disease remains an important goal in poultry industry. The aim of this study is to control and eradication of Pullorum disease to increase uniformity and efficiency of production of native chicken farms. This study use flocks of native chicken provided by the breeding farm under the program of the Innovation Incubator Center of Livestock Research Institute. Blood samples, 1 to 2 mL, were from wing veins about of 15 to 20 week-old in each generation, and then assayed in rapid whole-blood plate agglutination test. All the positive animals will be culled. The results of the positive rate are 18.79, 7.66, 63.50, 9.32, 14.29, and 16.30% respectively in G0, G3 to G7 of farm A; and are 24.2, 7.66, 11.30, 25.40, and 26.28% respectively in G0 to G4 of farm B. However, positive rate did not decline after culling the positives in generations. This naturally gives rise to the speculation that perhaps the detection reagents expired of farm A in G4, therefore after that the reagents of farm A of G6 and farm B of G3 were changed. Farm B flocks in G4 were removed to the other location. In summary, the differences of antigen doses, serotypes, management, and environment might cause the influence of the higher positive rate of pullorum disease in this study.
Key Words: Red feather native chicken, Pullorum disease
  
|
|
|
