第四十二卷(2013)
乳牛短脊椎綜合症基因頻率分析
廖仁寶(1) 陳若菁(1) 蔡新興(1) 周宜昌(2) 蕭宗法(1) 吳明哲(1)
(1)行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所 (2)臺南市動物防疫保護處
牛短脊椎綜合症為一種隱性遺傳疾病，於 2006 年時首度在丹麥被發現。本症狀形 成的原因為在牛第 21 號染色體上的 FANCI 基因有 3.3 kb 片段的缺失。本研究自兩 家民間乳牛場分別收集 32 頭與 112 頭乳牛血液樣品。經基因篩檢後，在 A 場發現 有 2 個樣品之基因型為雜合型，在 B 場則發現有 6 個樣品之基因型為雜合型，其 雜合型之頻率為 5.6%。此結果低於荷蘭(7.4%)與美國(6%)的研究報告，但高於中 國(3.8%)的研究報告。由於短脊椎綜合症會造成酪農產業的損失，實有必要進行大 規模的乳牛族群篩檢，並以選擇配種的方式，逐步篩除此一不良的基因。
關鍵語：短脊椎綜合症、乳牛、FANCI 基因
FREQUENCY OF BRACHISPINA SYNDROME OF DAIRY COWS
R.B. Liaw(1), J. C. Chen(1), S. S. Tsay(1), Y. C. Chou(2), T. F. Shiao(1) and M. C. Wu(1)
(1)Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan
(2)Tainan City Animal Health Inspection and Protection Office
Bovine brachyspina syndrome (BS) is a recessive genetic defect first observed in Denmark in 2006. The syndrome is caused by a 3.3-kb DNA deletion in the bovine Fanconi anemia complementation group I (FANCI) gene on bovine chromosome 21. In this study, a total of 144 dairy cow samples including 32 samples from A farm and 112 samples from B farm were examined. The result indicated that 2 carriers were from A farm and 6 carriers were from B farm. The frequency of BS carriers in this study was 5.6% which was lower than that reported in the Netherlands (7.4%) and the United States (6%) but was higher than that in Mainland China (3.8%). The dairy industry has huge losses due to brachyspina syndrome. The genetic defect should be eliminated gradually by large scale genotyping and selective mating.
Key Words: Brachyspina syndrome, Dairy cow, FANCI gene
  
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