調查項目性能與表型相關
5-3 調查項目性能與表型相關
為改進褐色菜鴨52週齡產蛋數,本選拔品系第一代至第六代分兩階段選拔,母鴨群以選拔指數:
I=0.099*EW40(g)-0.277*BW(100g)+0.026*NEGG52(eggs)(戴等,1994)選拔前50%鴨隻,第二階段再以此前50%鴨群為對象,選取40週齡蛋殼強度較佳之50%鴨隻。選拔品系測定項目包括40週齡體重、初產日齡、40週齡及52週齡產蛋數、40週齡蛋殼強度、40週齡蛋重。
七至十二代則以前五代估計之遺傳參數(Cheng et al., 1995)利用BLUP動物模式估計遺傳值,援引新的選拔指數(Cheng et al., 1996):I=b0*Gew40(g)+b1*Gbw40(g)+b2*Ges40(kg/cm2)+b3*Gnegg52(eggs);模擬在40週齡蛋重及體重增加為0,蛋殼強度增加0.013( kg/cm2)及52週齡產蛋數最多之情況下,求出a0、a1、a2、a3等係數如表2(Chen et al., 2003);並依選拔指數I值選留公母鴨繁殖配種。從第一代至第十二代累積資料,經統計分析各項產蛋性能之平均值±標準偏差結果如表3。
表二.應用於選拔褐色菜鴨群第0代至第三代之限制遺傳選拔指數係數及預期四性狀遺傳改進量
Index | | | Coefficients | | | Expected | genetic | gains | |
| | a0 | a1 | a2 | a3 | EW40 | BW40 | ES40 | EN52 |
G0 | Male | 0.0787423 | -0.001238 | 1.5646306 | 0.0900138 | 0 | 0 | 0.013 | 2.490 |
| Female | 0.037249 | -0.00064 | 0.8614897 | 0.0462978 | 0 | 0 | 0.013 | 3.508 |
G1 | Male | 0.0261623 | -0.000773 | 1.7467403 | 0.070637 | 0 | 0 | 0.013 | 2.780 |
| Female | 0.0373417 | -0.001001 | 0.7543072 | 0.0335516 | 0 | 0 | 0.013 | 4.117 |
G2 | Male | 0.2321607 | -0.00802 | 2.341494 | 0.1209006 | 0 | 0 | 0.013 | 2.122 |
| Female | 0.1091774 | -0.003055 | 0.808794 | 0.0050992 | 0 | 0 | 0.013 | 3.354 |
G3 | Male | 0.4668392 | -0.001137 | 0.9458406 | 0.1581483 | 0 | 0 | 0.013 | 1.924 |
| Female | 0.261027 | -0.005143 | 0.4659732 | 0.0988885 | 0 | 0 | 0.013 | 2.451 |
EW40: egg weight as 40 weeks of age in grams; BW40: body weight at 40 weeks of age in grams; EN52: number of eggs laid up to 52 weeks of age; ES40: eggshell strength at 40 weeks of age in kg/cm2 (Chen et al., 2003)
表三.褐色菜鴨選育品系第一代至第十二代產蛋性能檢定值
| AFE(days) | EW40(g) | BWF40(g) | ES40#(kg/cm2) | EN52(eggs) |
G1 | 126±11 | 67.8±4.4 | 1405±130 | 3.8±0.5* | 206.9±25.6 |
G2 | 116±13 | 67.4±5.1 | 1326±125 | 3.8±0.5* | 219.2±25.9 |
G3 | 119±11 | 68.2±5.0 | 1379±118 | 3.6±0.6 | 204.9±29.0 |
G4 | 117±14 | 67.7±4.8 | 1388±113 | 3.6±0.6 | 200.7±32.8 |
G5 | 120±15 | 68.8±5.7 | 1459±152 | 3.4±0.8 | 197.1±30.5 |
G6 | 113±11 | 67.2±4.8 | 1420±140 | 3.7±0.6 | 216.0±29.0 |
G7 | 112±13 | 66.4±4.4 | 1349±132 | 4.7±0.9 | 219.3±27.2 |
G8 | 116±12 | 63.2±4.1 | 1415±104 | 5.2±0.9 | 207.4±29.0 |
G9 | 123±12 | 66.1±4.2 | 1360±110 | 5.5±0.8 | 211.2±35.1 |
G10 | ---- | 68.7±4.0 | 1382±122 | 5.3±0.7 | 211.1±23.7 |
G11 | ---- | 67.1±4.5 | 1354±136 | 5.3±0.8 | 216.8±29.8 |
G12 | 118±9 | 68.1±4.8 | 1358±144 | 5.1±0.9 | 224.2±41.9 |
*:30週齡蛋殼強度。
#:G1~G6測定儀器為H8335PM垂直張力測定器;G7~G12測定儀器HT8115D。