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ªí1. ¥À¤ô¤û¸s¦Û1987¦~¦Ü1997¦~¤§¨C¦~¥­§¡²£¥J²v¤Î¥J¤û¨|¦¨²v
Table 1. Annual calving rate and percentage of calves weaned from 1987 to 1997

Year

cows investigatd

cow calved

calves weaned

calving rate

calves weaned

¡@

¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¡@No¡@¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w

¢w¢w¢w % ¢w¢w¢w

1987

50

40

39

80.0

97.5

1988

50

44

41

88.0

93.2

1989

30

22

22

73.3

100.0

1990

30

29

26

96.7

89.7

1991

30

20

20

66.7

100.0

1992

30

26

26

86.7

100.0

1993

30

27

25

90.0

92.6

1994

30

26

24

86.7

92.3

1995

30

25

23

83.0

92.0

1996

30

25

23

83.5

92.0

1997

30

26

24

86.7

92.0

Total

370

310

293

83.5

94.6

¡@

ªí2. ¥À¤ô¤û¤§Ác´Þ©Ê¯à
Table 2. Reproductive performance of female Taiwan Water buffalo

¡@

Age at
puberty

age f cows
first calved

¡@

Length of
pregnancy

calving
interval

No.of cow

74

62

days

234

234

¡@

658±27*

958±26

320±7

409±50

* Mean±S.D.

¡@

ªí3.¥xÆW¤ô¤ûªì²£¥À¤ûªº¤ëÄÖ
Table 3. The first calved cow's age of taiwan water buffalo

ªì²£¤ëÄÖ
Age of Month

¤À®YÀY¼Æ
Calved cows

¦û½Õ¬dÀY¼Æ
Percentage in investigation

31.5-33

56

90.3

34-37

4

6.5

38-42

2

3.2

* ªì²£¥À¤û½Õ¬dÀY¼Æ n=62ÀY¡C
Number of first calved cows, n=62.

¡@

ªí4.¥J¤û­÷¨Å´Á¶¡¤§¥Íªø©Ê¯à
Table 4. The growth perfermance at lactation of little cows

´ú©wÀY¼Æ
No.of cows

¥X¥ÍÅé­«
Weight at birth

Â÷¨ÅÅé­«
Weight at weaning period

¥­§¡ÀY¤é¼W­«
Average daily gain

¡ñ(n:235)

30.4±2.4

170±18

0.65±0.04

¡ð(n:189)

28.7±1.9

150±15

0.55±0.04

¡@

ªí5.¥xÆW¤ô¤ûªºÅé­«(¤½¤ç)
Table.5. Body weight at various age of Taiwan water buffalo (¢V)

¦~ ÄÖ

¶¯

»Û

¥­ §¡
Average

Age

¡ñ

¡ð

¡ñ

¡ð

¥X ¥Í
In born

28-38

26.5-32

30.4

28.7

Â÷¨Å205¤Ñ
Weaning Period 205 days

155-190

140-165

170

150

¤@·³ÄÖ
1 year

211-260

198-225

230

200

¤G·³ÄÖ
2 years

375-425

335-375

410

350

¤T·³ÄÖ
3 years

460-560

380-450

520

420

¥|·³ÄÖ
4 years

530-620

430-500

580

460

¤­·³ÄÖ
5 years

580-650

460-530

620

500

¡@

ªí6. ¤ô¤û¦×¥Î¤p¤½¤û(20¤ëÄÖ)±OÅé©Êª¬
Table 8. The carcass characteristics of water buffalo

¦~ÄÖ
Age

©Ê§O
sex

½Õ¬dÀY¼Æ

¬¡Åé­«(¢V)
Body weight

±O®_²v
Dressing

½G¦×²v
Lean meat

¤À¤Á¥¢­«
Weight loss
after cutting

¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@

¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w % ¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w

2Y.

¡ñ

450

50.5

35.8

2.25

¡@

¡@¡@

°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm

¬f­ì§µ¤Ò¡C1984¡C¤ô¤û¡B¼ö±a¹A·~­nÄý¡CN0.5¡G81¡ã120¡C
¤ô¤û¹}¾iºÞ²z¡C1981¡C¤K¸U¹A·~«Ø³]¤j­x°V½m±Ð§÷¡App.4¡ã5¡App.16¡ã17¡App.26¡ã30¡App.34¡C
·Å¤W´ð¡C1975¡C¸t¹F¦×¤û»P¥»¬Ù¶À¤û¯Å¶i¨|ºØ¸ÕÅç¡C¯b²£¬ã¨s7(2)¡G43¡ã48¡C
·Å¤W´ð¡B¶À¬F»ô¡B§dùÚ²»¡B³¯©[·Ó¡BªL¥úµØ¡C±i·çµ^»P³¯¥É¿P¡C1984¡C¸t¹F¦×¤û»P¥»¬Ù¶À¤û¯Å§ï¨}¡C¤C¤Q¤T¦~¯b²£µûij·|¬ã¨s³ø§i¡App.86¡ã88.¡C
·Å¤W´ð¡B³¯¥É¿P¡B§õ¥ú´_»PĬ¦w°ê¡C1988¡C¥»¬Ù¶À¤û¤Î¦×¥Î«~ºØ¤§¦×¥Î¯à¤O¤ñ¸û¡C¤C¤Q¤C¦~¯b²£µûij·|³ø§i¡App.86¡ã88.¡C
¥xÆW¯bªªÃ~Âå¨Æ·~¾i¤û½g¡C1984¡C¤ô¤û¸gÀ竬ºA¡C¥xÆW¬Ù¬F©²¹AªLÆU½s¦L¡C«n§ë¡Cpp.49
¥xÆW¬Ù¬F©²¹AªLÆU¡C1994¡C¥xÆW¹A·~¦~³ø¡C«n§ë¡App.156¡ã159¡C
§dªQâ\¡BÀ¹ Á¾¡B¶À౹šB¾G¸Î«H¡B¤B§üÀs¡B©P¼w¬F¡C1985¡C²üÄõ¤½¤û»P¥»¬Ù¤£¦P«~ºØ¤½¤û²£¦×¯à¤O¸ÕÅç¡C74¦~«×¯b²£¸ÕÅç¤u§@³ø§i¡App.44¡ã54¡C
¬I¸q³¹¡B¼B¥ß°®¡BĬ²M¥þ¡Bµ{¤¤¦¿¡BÀ¹ Á¾¡B¶À¬F»ô¡C1993¡C¥xÆW¤ô¤û¦×¥Î©Ê¯à¤§¬ã¨s¡C¯b²£¬ã¨s26(2)¡G1¡ã8¡C
Harbers¡AF.1981.Investigations on parturition and post Parturm morbidity and mortality of calves in the Thai Swamp Buffalo.In:Recent Adeances in buffalo Research and Development.ASPAC(ed) . pp.156~158.
Toelihere¡AM.R.1975.Physiology of reproduction and artificial insemination of water buffaloes. In: The Asiatic Water Buffalo. ASPAC. (ed.) pp.101~139.
Jainudeen, M.R. and E.S.E.Hafez.1987.Cattle and Water buffalo. In: Hafez E.S.E. (ed) Reprocuction in Farm Animals. 5th Edition¡FLea&Febiger. Philadelphia. pp.297~314.
Gwazdauskas, F. C. 1985. Effects of climate on reproduction in cattle. J. Dairy Sci.68:1568~1578.
Gwazdauskas¡AF. C., C. J. Wilcox, and W. W. Thatcher. 1975. Environmental and managemental factors affecting conception rate in a subtropical climate. J. Dairy Sci. 58: 88~92.




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