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¡@¡@²O¤Ú²yÂH¤O¯Ê¥¢¯g(Leukocyte Adhension Deficiency, ²ºÙ¬°LAD)¬O¤@ºØµo¥Í©ó¤HÃþ¡Bª¯¤Î¤ûµ¥¦hºØ°Êª«ªº¿ò¶Ç¯e¯f¡A¦¦b1974»P1975¦~§Yµo²{¤F¤HÃþ»Pª¯ªºLAD¡A¦ý¬O¤ûªºLAD«hª½¨ì1990¦~¤~³Q¬ü°êÃ~Âå®v¬_¨½Àq¡]Marcus Kehrli¡^³Õ¤h¦~¦b¤@¶µ¨Å©Ðª¢¨¾ªvªº¬ÛÃö¬ã¨s¤¤µo²{¡A¨Ã©R¦W¬°Bovine Leukocyte Adhension Deficiency¡A°ê»Ú¤W²ºÙ¬°BLAD¡A¥Ø«e¤w©ó²üÄõ¤ûÀË´ú¥X³¡¥÷ÓÅé±a¦³¦¹P¦º©ÊÅé¬V¦âÅéÁô©Ê¿ò¶Ç¯Ê³´(Kehrli et al., 1990)¡C¨ã¦³Áô©Ê¯Â¦X«¬°ò¦](BLAD)ªº¥J¤û±`©ö¨ü¨ì·P¬V¦ÓµLªkªvÀø²¬Â¡¡A©ó©Ê¦¨¼ô«e¦º¤`(Takahashi et al., 1987¡FKehrli et al., 1992¡FGilbert et al., 1993)¡C¤û°¦¦pªG±a¦³³oºØ¿ò¶Ç¯e¯f(¿ò¶Ç«¬¬°¾Ö¦³¨âÓ¬ðÅܪº¹ï°¸°ò¦]¡A¦b¦¹§Ú̺٤§¬°¦³¯f«¬)¡A¥J¤û³q±`¦b¤@·³ÄÖ¥H«e¡A¦]µLªk«Ø¥ß§¹µ½ªº¦Û½Ã¨t²Î¡A·P¬V¯e¯f¦Ó¦º¤` (Husten, 1992¡FGilbert et al., 1993¡FGerardi, 1996)¡C¤û²O¤Ú²yÖߤOÁÞ³J¥Õ£]-unit CD-18®Öþ«§Ç¦C¸g©w§Ç«á¡A¬O¤@Ó¦³2310Ó®Öþ«»Ä§Ç¦C©M769Ói°ò»Äªº°ò¦](Shuster et al., 1992a)¡C·í²Ä128ÓÓi°ò»Ä¤Ñªù¥V»Ä³Q¥ÌÓi»Ä¨ú¥N«á¡A²O¤Ú²yÖߤOµo¥Í¯Ê¥¢¡A¦Ó³oºØÓi°ò»Ä¨ú¥N©Êªº¬ðÅܬO¾É·½©ó²Ä383Ó®Öþ«»Ä²£¥ÍA¨ìG³æÂI¬ðÅÜ(Shuster et al., 1992b)¡C³o¶µ³æÂI¬ðÅܾÉP즳ªºTaq¢¹¤À¤ÁÂI®ø¥¢¡A¦Ó²£¥Í¤@ÓHae¢»¤À¤ÁÂI(¹Ï1)¡C§Q¥Î»E¦Xþª³sÂê¤ÏÀ³§Þ³N©M¨îþª¯S©Ê¡AShuster et al. (1992b)¥iª½±µÀË´ú¤û°¦DNA¡A¨Ã§PŪ¨ä¿ò¶Ç«¬¬°¥¿±`¡BÂø¦X«¬©Î¦³¯f«¬ (Áô©Ê¯Â¦X«¬)¡C¦³¯f«¬·|²£¥Í¤û²O¤Ú²yÖߤO¯Ê¥¢¯g³Q©R¬°BLAD¡A¦Ó±a¦³¬ðÅÜ°ò¦]ªºÂø¦X«¬«h©R¬°BL¡F¦Ü©ó¥¿±`«¬¤û°¦«h¦]ÀË´ú¤£¨ì¬ðÅÜ°ò¦]¦Ó©R¦W¬°TL (Tested free of BLAD)¡C¼w°êTammen et al. ©ó1993¦~°_¡A¬°¿z°£CD-18¬ðÅÜ°ò¦]¦b¤û¸sªºÀW²v¡A«·s³]p¤@²Õ»E¦Xþª³sÂê¤ÏÀ³ªº¤Þ¤l®M²Õ¡A²£¥Í101bpªºDNA¤ù¬q¡A¸g¨îþª¤À¤Á«áªº¤ù¬q«¬¸û©ö§PŪ(Tammen et al., 1996)¡F¥H¦â¦CHochman et al. (1996) ¥ç«·s³]p¤@²Õ¤Þ¤l°t¦X¤ûF©Ê§O©M¦h¶µ¿ò¶Ç«¬¤§¦P¨BŲ©w¡A¥i±oª¾¤ûFªºCD-18¿ò¶Ç«¬¬°TL¡BBL©ÎBLADªÌ¡F¦Ó Kriegesmann et al.(1997) µo®i¥X¥t¤@²Õ¤Þ¤l¸g»E¦Xþª³sÂê¤ÏÀ³«á¥i²£¥Í§óªø¤§ DNA ¤ù¬q(343 bp) ¡A¸g¨îþª¤À¤Á«áªº¤ù¬q«¬§ó©ö§PŪ¡C¼Ú¡B¬ü¡B¤éµ¥°ê§¡µo²{¦b²üÄõ¤û±Ú¸s¤¤¦¹°ò¦]ÀW²v«Ü°ª¡A¨Ò¦p Jorgensen et al. (1993) ÀË´ú694ÀY²üÄõ¤½¤û´Nµo²{¦³100ÀY±a¦³BLAD°ò¦]¡CµM¦Ó¦b¨ä¥¦«~ºØ¤û°¦¤û¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤UµgP¦º°ò¦]¤§ÀË´ú«h¥¼¦³³ø§i¡C¥xÆW¬Ù¯b²£¸ÕÅç©ÒùÚ¬K¤À©Ò«O¦³¥xÆW¶À¤û (Taiwan Yellow) «OºØ±Ú¸s»P¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û (Brahman)¡A¸Ó¶À¤û±Ú¸s¬O¥Ñ¥»¬Ù¦U¦a¤Îª÷ªù©Ò¦¬¶°¦Ó¨Ó¨Ã¶i¦æ«OºØÁcl¡A¦Ó¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û«h¥Ñ°ê¥~¶i¤f«á¦A¦æÁclªº±Ú¸s¡C¬°ÁA¸Ñ¤û¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤UµgP¦º°ò¦]¦b¥»¬Ù¶À¤û±Ú¸s¤Î©Ô°Ò¤û¤¤¬O§_¦s¦b¡A¤D¶i¦æ¸Óµ¥±Ú¸s¿zÀË¡C
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¡@¡@¦å¼Ë¸g¤@¯ë¥Í¤Æ¨BÆJ¯Â¤Æ¥X®Ö¤ºDNA¡A¥HµLµß¤ôµ}ÄÀ¦¨¼ÒªODNA¡AÚ¶i¦æPCR¡C¤ÏÀ³ª«²K¥[¿@«×»P²K¥[¶q¦pªí2©Ò¥Ü¡C¦Uºw¤J¨âºwÄqª«ªo«á¡AÂ÷¤ß¤@¦¸¡A¨Ïªo¦b¤W§K°£»]µo±¼ªº°ÝÃD¡C¾Þ§@¨BÆJ¦b¥~§j¦¡µLµß¾Þ§@Âd¶i¦æ¡C¤Þ¤l®Öþ«§Ç¦C¡G
BLAD1¡G 5¡¥ GACCTTCCGGAGGTCCAAGG3¡¦ (65.0¢H GC)
BLAD2¡G 5¡¥ CCGAAACCAATGCTGCCCGA3¡¦ (60.0¢H GC)
Forward Primer |
aa | |||||||||
sequence NO. |
||||||||||
351 | 5'G |
ACC | TTC¡@ | CGG | AGG |
GCC | AAG | GGC | ¡@TAC | |
Val |
Thr | Phe | Arg | Arg | Ala | Lys | Gly | Tyr | 125 | |
¡ô | ||||||||||
117 | Hae¢» | |||||||||
Taq¢¹ | ||||||||||
¡õ | ||||||||||
376 | CCC | ATC | CTG | TAC¡@ | TAC | CTG | ATG | GAC | ||
Pro | Ile | Leu | Tyr | Tyr | Leu | Met | Asp | 134 | ||
¡ô | ||||||||||
Hae¢» | ||||||||||
403 | CTC | TCC | TAC | TCC | ATG | GTG | GAT | GAC | CTC | |
Leu | Ser | Tyr | Ser | Met | Val | Asp | Asp | Leu | 143 | |
430 | GTC | AAC | GTC | AAG | AAG | CTG | GGG | GGT | GAC | |
Val | Asn | Val | Lys | Lys | Leu | Gly | Gly | Asp | 152 | |
Hae¢» | ||||||||||
¡õ | ||||||||||
457 | GTC | CTG | CGG | GCC | CTC | AAT | GGC | ATC | ACC | |
Leu | Leu | Arg | Ala | Leu | Asn | Gly | Ile | Thr | 161 | |
Hae¢» | ||||||||||
¡õ | 506 | |||||||||
484 | GAG | TCG | GGC | CGC | ATT | GGT | TTC | GG-3' | 169 | |
Glu | Ser | Gly | Arg | Ile | Gly | Phe | Gly | |||
Reverse Primer |
¹Ï1. ¤ûCD-18 cDNAªº³¡¤À®Öþ«§Ç¦C(351¡÷506)©MÓi°ò»Ä§Ç¦C¡C»E¦Xþª³sÂê¤ÏÀ³ªº¥¿¦V¤Þ¤l©M¤Ï¦V¤Þ¤l§¡×¥¿¤@Ó®Öþ«»Ä¨Ó®ø°£Hae¢»¨îþª¤À¤ÁÂI¡CCD-18¬ðÅÜÂI¬O²Ä383Ó®Öþ«»Ä¥ÑA¬ðÅܬ°G¡A³y¦¨Taq¢¹¤À¤ÁÂI®ø¥¢¡A¦ý§Î¦¨¤@ÓHae¢»¤À¤ÁÂI¡AÓi°ò»Ä¥Ñ¥ÌÓi»Ä¨ú¥N¤Ñªù¥V»Ä¡C
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»E¦Xþª Taq | 5 U / m L | 0.3 m L |
¤Þ¤l BLAD1 | 10 pmole / m L | 1.0 m L |
¤Þ¤l BLAD2 | 10 pmole / m L | 1.0 m L |
dNTP | 100 m mole / m L | 1.0 m L |
10X PCR Buffer | ¡@ | 2.5 m L |
µLµß¥hÂ÷¤l¤ô | ¡@ | 9.2 m L |
¼Ë«~ DNA | 25~40 ng / m L | 10.0 m L |
Á` ¶q | ¡@ | 25.0 m L |
PCR¤ÏÀ³±ø¥ó¡G
a.°_°Ê¡G94¢J¡A5 ¤À¡C
b.´`Àô¡G94¢J¡A30¬í¡F65 ¢J¡A30¬í;72¢J¡A30¬í¡C¦@´`Àô 40 ¦¸¡C
c.²×¤î¡G72¢J¡A5 ¤À¡C
¤T¡B¨îþª¤Á³Î
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µ²ªG
¤@¡B©Ò¦³ÀË´ú¤§139ÀY¥xÆW¶À¤û»P70ÀY¥¬©Ô°Ò¤ûªºDNA¼Ë«~¡A§Q¥ÎBLADÀË´ú¤Þ¤lBLAD1 / BLAD2¸gPCR¼W´T«á¡A¦b¹qªa¹Ï¤W§¡²£¥Í¬ù156 bp¯S²§©Êªº DNA¤ù¬q(¹Ï2)¡A»P²üÄõ¤ûªºDNA¨Ï¥Î¤Þ¤lBLAD1 / BLAD2¸gPCR¼W´T«á©Ò§e²{¦b¹qªa¹Ï¤W¤§¯S²§©ÊªºDNA¤ù¬q¬Û¦P¡AÅã¥Ü¦b¦¹¨âÓ«~ºØ¤û°¦¥ç¦³BLAD°ò¦]§Ç¦C¡C
¹Ï2.¥¿±`¤û(TL)¡BÂø¦X¤û(BL)»P¦³¯f¤û(BLAD)¥H¤Þ¤lBLAD1/BLAD2¸g PCR ¼W´T©Ò±o 156bp PCR²£ª«ªº¥¼¤À¤Á¤ù¬q»P¦A¤À§O¸g¨îþªHae¢» »P Taq¢¹¤À¤Á«áªº¤ù¬q¤§¹qªa¬Û¡C
Y¡G¥xÆW¶À¤û¡@B¡G¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û¡@H¡G²üÄõ¤û¡@M¡Gmarker
¤G¡B¥H¨îþªHaeIII¤À¤ÁPCR²£ª««á¦b¥¿±`¤û(TL, ¤£±a¦³BLAD°ò¦])§e²{116bp / 40bpªºDNA¤ù¬q¡AÂø¦X«¬¤û(BL, ±a¦³¼ç¥ñ©ÊBLAD°ò¦]¤Î¥¿±`¿ò¶Ç°ò¦]ªÌ) «h¦³116 bp / 83 bp / 40 bp / 33 bp¥|±øDNA¤ù¬q¡A¦³¯f¤û(BLAD,±a¦³¨âÓ¼ç¥ñ©ÊBLAD°ò¦])«h¦³83 bp / 40 bp / 33bp¤T±øDNA¤ù¬q¡F¥H¨îþªTaqI¤À¤ÁPCR²£ª««á¦b¥¿±`¤û§e²{126 bp / 30 bpªºDNA¤ù¬q¡AÂø¦X«¬¤û«h¦³156 bp / 126 bp / 30 bp¤T±øDNA¤ù¬q¡A¦³¯f¤û«h¶È¦³156 bp³æ¤@¤ù¬q (¹Ï2)¡C
¤T¡B©Ò¦³ÀË´ú¤§¥xÆW¶À¤û»P¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û§¡¤£±a¦³¼ç¥ñ©Ê¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤UµgP¦º°ò¦]¡AÅã¥Ü¸Ó¤£¨}°ò¦]À³¤£P¼vÅT¦¹¨âÓ¤û¸s¡C
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¡@¡@ÁöµM¥Ñ¤w¶i¤f¤§Âø¦X«¬ (BL) ²üÄõ¤ûºë²G¼Æ¶q¡A¥i±Àª¾¦¹¶µ¤£¨}¿ò¶Ç°ò¦]¦b¥»¬Ù¨Å¤û¸s¤¤ÀW²v¥ç«Ü°ª¡A¦ý¦b¥»¸ÕÅç©Ò¦³ÀË´ú¤§¥xÆW¶À¤û¤Î¥¬©Ô°Ò¤û§¡µL¦¹¤û¥ý¤Ñ©Ê¤UµgP¦º°ò¦]³QÀË¥X¡C¥Ñ©ó¯ÂºØ¦×¡B§Ð¥Î¤û¦h±Ä¦ÛµM¥æ°t¡A¬G±À¦ô¦¹¶µ¤£¨}¿ò¶Ç°ò¦]¹ï¥»¬Ù¦×¡B§Ð¥Î¤ûÀ³¼vÅT¤£¤j¡C
°Ñ¦Ò¤åÄm
Georges, M., D. Nielsen, M. Mackinnon, A. Mishra, R. Okimoto, A.T. Pasquino, L.S. Sargeant, A. Sorensen, M.R. Steele, X. Zhao, J.E. Womack and ¢¹. Hoeschele. 1995. Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling milk production in dairy cattle by exploiting progeny testing. Genetics 139: 907~920.
Gerardi, A. S. 1996. Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency: a review of morden disease and its application. Res. Vet. Sci. 61: 183~186.
Gilbert, R. O., W. C. Rebhun, C. A. Kim, M. E. Kehrli, M. E. Shuster and M. R. Ackermann. 1993. Clinical manifestations of leukocyte adhesion deficiency in cattle : 14 cases (1977-1991). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 202: 445~449.
Hochman, D., Y. Zaron, I. Dekel, E. Feldmesser, J. F. Medrano, M. Shani and M. Ron. 1996. Multiple genotype analysis and sexing of IVF bovine embryos. Theriogenology 46: 1063~1075.
Hochman, D., Y. Zaron, I. Dekel, E. Feldmesser, J. F. Medrano, M. Shani and M. Ron. 1996. Multiple genotype analysis and sexing of IVF bovine embryos. Theriogenology 46: 1063~1075.
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Kehrli Jr., M. E., F. C. Schmalstieg, D. C. Anderson, M. J. Van Der Maaten, B. J. Hughes, M. R. Ackermann, C. L. Wilhelmsen, G. B. Brown, M. G. Stevens and C. A. Whetstone. 1990. Molecular definition of the bovine granulocytopathy syndrome: Identification of deficiency of the Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) glycoprotein. Am. J. Vet. Res. 51(11): 1826~1836.
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Shuster, D. E., B. T. Bosworth and M. E. Kehrli Jr. 1992a. Sequence of the bovine CD18-encoding cDNA: comparison with the human and murine glycoproteins. Gene 114: 267~271.
Shuster, D. E., M. E. Kehrli Jr., M. R. Ackermann and R. O. Gilbert. 1992b. Identification and prevalence of a genetic defect that causes leukocyte adhesion deficiency in Holstein cattle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 9225~9229.
Takahashi, K., K. Miyagawa, S. Abe, T. Kurosawa, M. Sonoda, T. Nakade, H. Nagahata, H. Noda, Y. Chihaya and E. Isogai. 1987. Bovine granulocytopathy syndrome of Holstein-Friesian calves and heifers. Japanese J. Vet. Sci. 49: 733~736.
Tammen, I., H. Klippert, A. Kuczka, A. Treviranus, J. Pohlenz. M. Stober, D. Simon and B. Harlizius. 1996. An improved DNA test for bovine leucocyte adhesion deficiency. Res. Vet. Sci. 60: 218~221.