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¡@¡@µfÀnL302«~¨t¤§²£³J©Ê¯à¦C©óªí6¡C¥»¸ÕÅ礧¥ÀµfÀn©ó¤Q¶gÄÖÀË©w«á¡A²¾¤J­Ó§OÀnÅ¢¶i¦æ²£³JÀË©w¡A¾ú¦~¤§¸ÕÅçÅã¥Ü¥ÀµfÀn¹ïÅ¢¹}¾AÀ³¨}¦n¡A¸ÕÅ礤«e¤T¥N¨|¦¨´Á(6¡ã30¶g¡^¥ÀµfÀn§¡µ¹¤©¥ô¹}¡e¦pªí4¡f¡A¨ä«á§¡§ï¬°­­¹}¡CG0¥N¥ÀµfÀn¤§©Ê¦¨¼ô¸û±ß¡A¦ý¦b¨Ì²£³J©Ê¯àÁc´Þ¤U¡AG1¡BG2¥N©Ê¦¨¼ôÄÖÅãµÛ´£«e¦Ü219»P220¤é¡A¦¹»PSauveur and Carville(1986)³ø§i¤§³Ì¾A©y©Ê¦¨¼ôÄÖ¬Û¦ü¡CµM¦ÛG3¥N§ï¬°­­¶qµ¹¹}«á¡A©Ê¦¨¼ôÅãµÛ©µ¿ð¦Ü270- 280¤é¡A¦bG6¥N¥H«á¦b¨|¦¨´Á¬I¤©ùÚ©w¥ú·Ó¡Aªì²£¤éÄֶȲ¤´£«e¡C¾ú¥NµfÀn²£³J©Ê¯à¤§µ²ªGÅã¥Ü¡A40¶gÄÖ¤Î52¶gÄÖ²£³J¼Æ¨üªì²£¤éÄÖ¦­±ß¼vÅT¬Æ¤j¡A­Y¦Û²Ä¤@²£³J´Á24¶g²£³J¼ÆÆ[¤§¡A²Ä¤@¥N¥H«á²£³J¼Æ¦³¤W¤É¤§ÁͶաAµM¦b²Ä¥|¥N¥H«á«h¦³¤U­°¤§ÁͶաA¦¹¬O§_¨ü¿ï©ÞÅ髬¤§¼vÅT¡A©|¤£½Tª¾¡A¤×¨ä¦b40¶gÄÖ²£³J¼Æ±N¯Ç¤J¥¼¨Ó¿ï©Þ¤§±±¨î±ø¥ó¤U¡A¥²¶·¶i¤@¨B¤ÀªR²£³J¼Æ»PÅé­«¤§¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃö¡C²£³J¦bG4¥N³Ì¨Î¡A¨Ì²£³J´Á24¶g­pºâ¡A¨ä²£³J²v¥ç¶È47%¡C

¤T¡B¥Íªø©Ê¯à¿ò¶Ç°Ñ¼Æ¤ÀªR

¡@¡@¾ú¥N10¤Î18¶gÄÖÅé­«¤Î10¶gÄ֦Фòªø¤§¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v¡B¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃö¤Îªñ¿Ë«Y¼Æ«h«Y±Ä¥ÎGroeneveld(1996)¤§VCEµ{¦¡3.2ª©¤ÀªR¡CL302µfÀnÅé­«¤§¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v¤Î¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃö¦C©óªí7¡C¥ÀÀn¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v¸û¤½Àn°ª¡A¦¹¤D¥Ñ©ó¤½Àn¤§Àô¹ÒÅܤè©Î¨ä¥¦¿ò¶ÇÅܤè¡]°£ª½±µ²Ö¥[©Ê¿ò¶Ç®ÄÀ³¥~¤§Åܤè¡^¬Û·í¤j¡A¦¹¥i»¡©ú¤½Àn¾ú¦~¥ÍªøÀË©wÅé­«Åܲ§¬Æ¤j¤§²{¶H¡C¥t»P¼Ú¬ü°ê®a©Ò¤ÀªRªº¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v(ªí8 )¤ñ¸û«á¡AÅã¥Ü¥»¬Ù®ð­Ô±ø¥ó¤U¡A¦ô­p¤§¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v¸û§C¤§²{¶H¡A¦¹¥D­n«Y¥Ñ©ó¼Ú¬ü»P¥xÆW®ð­Ô±ø¥ó¤Î¯bªÙ¤£¦P¡A­P©Ê¯àªí²{¤§ªí«¬Åܤ褤Àô¹ÒÅܤè®t²§¸û¤j¡C

¡@¡@ÁöµM¤½µfÀn¤§¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v¸û¥ÀÀn§C¡A¨Ì¿ï©Þ§ï¶i¤§¤½¦¡±À½×¡A¥Ñ©ó¤½Àn¤§Åéªí«¬Åܤ謰¥ÀÀn¤§¨â­¿¡A¤½¥ÀÀn¿ï©Þ§¡±N¦³®Ä§ï¶iÅé­«¡C¦bG7¥N¥H«á¡A¦b±±¨î¸û¨Î¤§Àô¹Ò¤UÀË©w¡A¹w´Áµû¦ôÅé­«¤§¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v±N¸û°ª¡C¥t¤@­È±oª`·Nªº¬O¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«»P¤Q¤K¶gÄÖÅé­«¦¨¥¿¬ÛÃö¡A¿ï©Þ±N³s±a¼W¤j©Ê¦¨¼ô«e¤§Å髬¡A¦¹¹ï¥Í´Þ¤§¥i¯à¼vÅT¡A­È±o¶i¤@¨B¤ÀªR¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«»P²£³J©Ê¯à¤§¬ÛÃö¡C

¡@¡@µfÀn¸g¦h¦~¿ï¨|¤§®ÄªG¡A¨ÃµL¹ï·Ó«~¨t¥i¸ê¤ñ¸û¡A¦Û¾ú¥N¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«¤À¥¬ÀW«×(ªí9¤Î10)Æ[¤§¡A¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«¸g¿ï©Þ«á¡A¤À¥¬ÀW«×Åܲ§¼W¥[¡A¤½¥ÀÀn¤À§O¦bG2¤ÎG1¥N²£¥ÍÅé­«¶W¹L­ì©l¯ª¥ýªÌ¡A¥B¦¹ºØÁͶÕÄ~Äò¶i¦æ¡A¥Ñ¦¹¥iÅã¥Ü¿ï¨|¼W¥[¤jÅ髬¤§®ÄªG¡C¥t¦Û¥Íªø©Ê¯àÀË©w¤ñ¸û¸ÕÅçÆ[¤§¡AµfÀn¦Û73¦~¤Þ¶i¿ï©Þ¨Ã±À¼s«á¡A¥Á¶¡Àn³õ´¿¤ÏÀ³¥O¤gµfÀn¼W¤j¥b¤ç¥ª¥k¡AµM¦¹¨ÃµL¼Æ¾Ú¦õÃÒ¡A¬°¤F¸Ñ¸g¿ï©ÞL302»P¥Á¶¡µfÀn¤§®t²§¡A¶i¦æ¥Íªø©Ê¯à¤ñ¸û¡A¦bG6¥N¥Hl302»P¤G¶¡¥»¬Ù¥Á¶¡¹A³õ(Farm A ¤ÎFarm B)¤Îªk°Ó·~¦×Àn(L304) ¶i¦æ¥ÍªøÀË©w¤ñ¸û¸ÕÅç¡Aµ²ªGL302¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«¤½¥ÀÀn¤À§O¸û¥Á¶¡Àn³õ­«244¤Î222g¥H¤W(¦pªí11¤Î12)¡A¦¹¥iÃÒ©ú¸g¿ï©Þ¤§L302¤´¸û¥Á¶¡µfÀnÀu²§¡C

µ²½×»P«Øij

¡@¡@¦Û¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v­ÈÆ[¤§¡A¤½¥ÀÀnÅé­«¤Î¤½Àn¦Ð¤òªø¤§¿ï©Þ¥i¦æ¡A¿ï©Þ§ïÅܨâ¦V©Ê«h¥i¯à¦³§xÃø¡C¿ï©Þ®Ä¯qµû¦ô¤è­±¡A¨Ì¾ÚG6¥N¤§ÀË©wµ²ªGL302¸û¥»¬Ù¥Á¶¡¤½¥ÀÀn¦b10¶gÄÖ­«200¤½§J¥H¤W¡Aªì¨BÅã¥ÜL302½T¹ê¸û¤j«¬¡A¥i§@¬°¥Á¶¡¦×¥ÎµfÀn§ïµ½Å髬¤§¥Î¡Cªk°Ó·~¦×¥ÎµfÀnÅ髬¸ûL302¤j¡A¥i§@¬°¤j«¬µfÀn¿ï¨|¤§°Ñ¦Ò¥Ø¼Ð¡A¹ê»Ú¤§¿ï¨|¤u§@¤´¥HÅé­«ªí²{»P¨ä¥¦©Êª¬(¦p±Äºë¨üºë¤Î²£³J©Êª¬µ¥¥Í´Þ©Ê¯à)¤§¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃöµ{«×§@¨M©w¡CµfÀn©ó14¦Ü15¶gÄÖ¤w¹F¤W¥«¼Ð·Ç¡A¶Ç²ÎÁ¤¥ÀÀn¹}¾i¥i¦Ò¼{´£«e¤W¥«¡C¥t¨Ì¾Ú¾ú¥NÀË©w¦¨ÁZ¤Î¦×ÀnÀË©w¸ÕÅç«ØijÀË©w±Ä°ªÀç¾i¤ô·Ç¥Hµo´§¥Íªø©Ê¯à¼ç¤O¡A¥B©y²Î¤@¨C¥@¥NÀË©wÀn§É¥H´î¤ÖÀô¹Ò®ÄÀ³¡C¦¹¥i¯à¼W¥[¤§¶_¨¬²{¶H¡A¤@¤è­±¥i¦Û½Ã¥Í¤è­±µÛ¤â¥H­°§CLu et al.(1993)³ø§i¸zª¢©Ê¤p¯f¬r·P¬V¤Þ°_¤§¶_¨¬¡F¥t¤@¤è­±¡A¥ç¥i¯à¶·¥H¿ï©Þ§ïµ½¶_¨¬°ÝÃD(Beaumont et al.,1996)¡C

¡@¡@¾ú¦~¿ï©Þ¤u§@¤§¹ê»Ú¿ò¶Ç§ï¶i¶q¡A«h«Ý±N¨Ó±Ä°Êª«¼Ò¦¡¥HPest¦ôºâ¿ò¶Ç­È¡A¥H±Àºâ¤§¡F¥t¥~¦¹¿ï©Þ±Ú¸s¤¤±N¦¨¥ß¹ï·Ó«~¨t¥BÄ~Äò°lÂܤÀªR¿ò¶Ç°Ñ¼ÆÀH¥@¥N¤§ºtÅÜ¡C²£³J©Ê¯à¤W¡A¥ç±N¶i¦æ¿ò¶Ç°Ñ¼Æ¦ôºâ¡A¦Ò¼{±N²£³J«e¥ú·Ó¤Î­­¹}³B²z¯Ç¤J©T©w®ÄÀ³¡A¨Ã±´°Q»P¥Íªø©Ê¯à¶¡¤§¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃö¡A§@¬°Å髬¿ï©Þ¤§°Ñ¦Ò¡C

ªí1. µfÀn302 «~¨t¾ú¥NÀn°¦±Ú¸s¼Æ¡B¯dºØ¼Æ¤Îªñ¿Ë«Y¼Æ

¥N ¤½Àn°¦¼Æ

¥ÀÀn°¦¼Æ

²z½×ªñ¿Ë«Y¼Æ ¹ê»Úªñ¿Ë«Y¼Æ
±Ú¸s¼Æ ¯dºØ¼Æ ±Ú¸s¼Æ ¯dºØ¼Æ
0 27 12 11 10   0 -
1 91 10 96 57 .022916667 -
2 406 18 423 123 .037609649 -
3 577 20 459 127 .045570354 -
4 523 23 573 136 .052804606 -
5 507 15 601 100 .059163606 -
6 412 15 387 106 .068746936 -
7 397 - 378 - .078259515 -
¥­§¡ - - - - .054819658 .06

²z½×ªñ¿Ë«Y¼Æ¡G²Ä0¥NF­È°²³]¬°0¡A¾ú¥N¶¡¼W¥[¤§ªñ¿Ë«Y¼Æ¡µF=1/8Nm + 1/8Nf¡C

¡@

Table 2. Structure of the selection experimental line 302

Generation Number of hatch

Hatch period

Number of offspring Number of parents

Male

Female

Male

Female

G0

1

21/05/84

27

11

12

11

G1

17

22/04/85-29/10/85

91

96

9

57

G2

15

05/11/86-28/05/87

406

429

18

124

G3

6

04/07/88-08/08/88

574

463

20

125

G4

7

08/08/90-18/09/90

525

579

23

141

G5

5

02/09/91-30/09/91

528

639

15

101

G6

7

14/06/93-19/07/93

430

406

14

103

G7

8

06/09/94-12/10/94
20/05/95-12/06/95

400

382

19

112

G8

6

03/06/96-08/08/96

394

364

¡Ð

¡Ð

Total

72

¡@

3375

3369

¡@ ¡@

¡@

ªí3. µfÀn302 «~¨t¾ú¥N¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«

¡@

Bw10m

Bw10f

M/F

Fl10m

FL10f

F/M

Bw18m

Bw18f

M/F

G0

3200±179
(n=27)

2135±120
(n=11)

1.50

14.8±1.7
(n=27)

17.0±1.7
(n=11)

1.15

¡@ ¡@ ¡@
G1

2641±352
(n=91)

1813±276
(n=96)

1.46

10.7±3.5
(n=91)

13.0±3.0
(n=92)

1.21

¡@ ¡@ ¡@
G2

2738±570
(n=404)

1908±341
(n=425)

1.44

12.7±4.0
(n=397)

15.3±3.6
(n=???)

1.20

¡@ ¡@ ¡@
G3

3109±453
(n=574)

2135±183
(n=462)

1.46

13.3±3.6
(n=537)

16.2±2.5
(n=439)

1.22

4465±
(n=209)

2550±181
(n=322)

1.75

G4

3203±443
(n=524)

2177±191
(n=572)

1.47

16.7±2.3
(n=151)

17.7±1.7
(n=169)

1.06

4862±318
(n=176)

2816±192
(n=287)

1.73

G5

3064±629
(n=508)

2164±252
(n=600)

1.42

13.3±3.4
(n=303)

15.3±2.6
(n=410)

1.15

4131±392
(n=216)

2624±184
(n=277)

1.57

G6

2922±546
(n=412)

2054±319
(n=387)

1.42

14.6±2.2
(n=121)

16.4±1.6
(n=107)

1.12

4611±423
(n=102)

2744±189
(n=154)

1.68

G7

3692±318
(n=394)

2334±163
(n=381)

1.58

¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@
G8

3195±462
(n=380)

2157±214
(n=347)

1.48

¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@

¡@

ªí4. µfÀn302«~¨t¨|¦¨´Á¹}¾i

¹}¾iºÞ²z¼Ò¦¡ ¥N§O 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
¥ô¹} ¡@ £G £G £G ¡Ð £G £G ¡Ð ¡@
­­¹} ¡@ ¡Ð ¡Ð ¡Ð £G £G £G £G £G
¦ÛµM¥ú·Ó ¡@ £G £G £G £G £G £G ¡Ð ¡@
¤H¤u¥ú·Ó ¡@ £G £G £G ¡Ð £G £G £G £G

¡@

ªí5. µfÀn302«~¨tºØÀn±Äºë²v¤Îºë²G¶q

¥N ÀË©w°¦¼Æ ±Äºë²v ºë²G¶q   n
¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ml ¦¸/°¦
5 177 65 % - -
6 110 56.7% 0.94±.43 128
7 172 62.2% 1.09±.55 179
8 ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@

¡@

ªí6. ¾ú¥N302«~¨tµfÀn¤§²£³J©Ê¯à

Generation

Age 1st
egg

No egg
age 40w

No egg
age 52w

No egg 15w
1st cycle

No egg 24w
1st cycle

Age max of
laying test

0

302±42

16±8

34±24

53±24

58±26

392±39

1

263±72

22±19

38±30

32±27

45±35

630±46

2

220±31

26±18

57±31

36±23

65±31

363±66

3

287±30

11±13

43±25

54±23

72±31

682±11

4

278±37

19±16

49±28

55±24

79±31

463±13

5

272±45

19±17

52±32

52±28

71±37

478±8

6

266±34

12±10

37±22

38±22

55±26

462±22

7

240±28

18±15

46±28

41±22

58±32

469±54

¡@

ªí7. L302µfÀnÅé­«¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v¡B¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃö¡Bªí«¬¬ÛÃö¥H¤Î¼Ð·Ç°¾®t

¡@

Bw10m

Bw10f

Fl10m

Fl10f

Bw18m

Bw18f

¤½Àn¤Q¶gÅé­«(Bw10m)

.243(.027)

.899(.036)

.746(.044)

.800(.055)

.767(.045)

.586(.060)

¥ÀÀn¤Q¶gÅé­«(Bw10f)

¡Ð

.310(.027)

.592(.051)

.773(.053)

.810(.042)

.803(.039)

¤½Àn¤Q¶g¦Ð¤òªø(Fl10m)

.602**

¡Ð

.373(.044)

.885(.046)

.227(.065)

.139(.056)

¥ÀÀn¤Q¶g¦Ð¤òªø(Fl10f)

¡Ð

.465**

¡Ð

.141(.023)

.511(.087)

.474(.078)

¤½Àn¤Q¤K¶gÅé­«(Bw18m)

.212**

¡Ð

.174**

¡Ð

.364(.042)

.894(.035)

¥ÀÀn¤Q¤K¶gÅé­«(Bw18f)

¡Ð

.113**

¡Ð

.104*

¡Ð

.434(.041)

¹ï¨¤½u¬O¿ò¶ÇÅܲ§²v¡A¹ï¨¤½u¤W¤è¬°¿ò¶Ç¬ÛÃö¤U¤è¬°ªí«¬¬ÛÃö¡C

¡@

Table 8. Muscovy duck Heritabilities on body weights

Charactere

sex

Heritability ¡@
Bw at 70 d m 0.43 Ricard et al. (1983)
Bw at 70 d f 0.48 ¡§ ¡§
Bw at 74 d m 0.53 Trettner (1984)
Bw at 67 d f 0.49 ¡§ ¡§
Bw at 8 w ¡@ 0.33 Pilla (1974)
Bw at 10 w ¡@ 0.50 ¡§ ¡§
Bw at 12 w ¡@ 0.26 ¡§ ¡§
Bw at 53 d m 0.42 Farran (1980)
Bw at 63 d m 0.33 Babile (1989)
Bw at 67 d m 0.43 Farran (1980)
Bw at 81 d m 0.17 Farran (1980)
Bw at 84 d m 0.41 Babile (1989)
Bw at 84 d m 0.55 Fernandez (1988)

¡@

ªí9. ¤½µfÀn302«~¨t¾ú¥N¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«¤À¥¬ÀW«×

¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«

G0

G1

G2

G3

G4

G5

G6

G7

<1000

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

1000-1500

0

0

15

0

0

8

6

0

1500-2000

0

4

34

3

3

31

24

0

2000-2500

0

24

72

53

29

59

48

0

2500-3000

5

50

145

196

133

107

143

8

3000-3500

22

13

118

215

246

177

137

97

3500-4000

0

0

21

100

96

111

48

233

4000-4600

0

0

0

10

16

14

6

59

Total

27

91

406

577

523

507

412

397

¡@

ªí10. ¥ÀµfÀn302«~¨t¾ú¥N¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«¤À¥¬ÀW«×

¤Q¶gÄÖÅé­«

G0

G1

G2

G3

G4

G5

G6

G7

<1000

0

0

7

0

0

0

0

0

1000-1500

0

17

58

0

2

13

30

0

1500-2000

2

59

171

121

105

152

133

11

2000-2500

9

19

184

330

446

384

206

322

2500-2740

0

1

3

8

20

52

18

45

Total

11

96

423

459

573

601

387

378

¡@

ªí11. ¥|«~¨t¤½µfÀn0¦Ü15¶gÄÖ¤§¥­§¡ÀË©wÅé­«»P¹}®Æ®Ä²v¤Î°Ñ¦Ò­È
Table 11. The growth performances of male body weight and feed efficiency from 0 to 15 weeks of age in four Muscovy lines and reference values

Age
week

L302

Farm A

Farm B

L304

Reference F

BW

FE

BW

FE

BW

FE

BW

FE BW FE*
¡@

g

¡@

g

¡@

g

¡@

g

¡@

g

¡@

0

49.7±4.7a

¡Ð

48.0±4.6a

¡Ð

54.7±5.7b

¡Ð

48.0±5.4a

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

3

594±108a

1.65

516±64b

1.57

614±56 ac

1.75

678±13c

1.85

495

1.37

6

1627±222a

2.17

1392±26b

1.93

1635±204a

2.12

1839±163c

1.98

1902

1.95

10

3509±321a

2.64

3205±294b

2.41

3230±314b

2.83

3960±122c

2.56

4012

2.40

12

3921±332a

2.97

3682±312ab

2.83

3510±300b

¡Ð

4313±122c

¡Ð

4322

2.67

15

4481±324a

3.50

4213±307b

3.51

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡@

abc Means on the same line with the different subscript are significantly different(P<0.05)
BW: Body weight; FE: Feed efficiency; Reference F:The standard values of BW and FE of commercial ST14 on French brochure; FE*: FE measurted by mixing male and female.

¡@

ªí12. ¥|«~¨t¥ÀµfÀn0¦Ü12¶gÄÖ¤§¥­§¡ÀË©wÅé­«»P¹}®Æ®Ä²v¤Î°Ñ¦Ò­È
Table 12. The growth performances of body weight and feed efficiency from 0 to 12 weeks of age in four lines female Muscovy and reference values

Age of Week

L302

Farm A

Farm B

L304

Reference F

BW

FE

BW

FE

BW

FE

BW

FE

BW

FE*

¡@

g

¡@ g ¡@ g ¡@ g ¡@ g ¡@

0

51.2±5.5a

¡Ð

45.4±4.1b

¡Ð

49.3±7.3a

¡Ð

52.1±5.2a

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

3

490±80a

1.93

456±86a

1.95

531±108b

1.71

547±68b

1.93

¡@

¡Ð

6

1265±137a

2.34

1170±152b

2.35

1197±182ab

1.99

1349±125c

2.10

¡@

¡Ð

10

2279±195a

2.51

2074±190b

3.18

1958±208c

3.14

2309±194a

2.89

2387

2.40

12

2373±165a

3.01

2203±222b

3.60

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

¡Ð

abc , BW, FE, Reference F, and FE* see Table 11.

¡@

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¥Ð¥¿¦Ë¡B¥Ð¥¿¸S¡B¬xºÖ¶©¡B½²¤ì¬W¡C1995¡C«OÃÒ³d¥ô¥xÆW¬Ù¶³«nµfÀn¹B¾P¦X§@ªÀ¶g¦~¼y±M¿è¡C«OÃÒ³d¥ô¥xÆW¬Ù¶³«nµfÀn¹B¾P¦X§@ªÀ¡C¶³ªL¡C

§õµÏºa¡B­J©É¯E¡B³¯»Ê¥¿¡C1993¡CÀu¨}¥Õ¦â¤gµfÀn¿Ë¥N¿ï¨|¡C¯b²£¬ã¨s26¡]2¡^¡G121¡ã129¡C

©P¥ú¦t¡B¶À·u·×¡C1970¡C¥xÆWªº¾iÀn¡C¤¤°ê¹A§ø´_¿³©e­û·|¯bªª²Ä¤K¸¹¤â¥U¡C¥x¥_¡Cpp.4¡ã7¡C

­J©É¯E¡B´¿»a©M¡B§õµÏºa¡B«¸©µ¦~¡B³¯®Ê»a¡BÀ¹¡@Á¾¡C1993¡C¤j«¬µfÀn¤§¿ï¨|¡]¢¹¡^°ò¦±Ú¸s¤§«Ø¥ß¡D¯b²£¬ã¨s26(4)¡G285¡ã295¡D

¶À¸U¶Ç¡C1992¡CºØ¥ÎµfÀn¤§µo®i¼ç¤O»P®i±æ¡C¥xÆW¹A·~28(4)¡G23¡ã31¡C

³Å¯ªÁ¸¡B½²¸g·½¡C1965¡C¿D¬wÀn¥Í²£©Ê¯àÆ[¹î¡C¥xÆW¬Ù¯b²£¸ÕÅç©Ò¦~³ø¡Cpp.16¡ã18¡C

À¹ Á¾¡B´¿»a©M¡B³¯»Ê¥¿¡B«¸©µ¦~¡B¶À·u·×¡C1987¡C¥»¬Ù¤£¦P«~¨t¥¿µfÀn¥Í²£©Ê¯à¤ñ¸û¡C¯b²£¬ã¨s20(1)¡G67¡ã72¡C

À¹ Á¾¡B¼B·ç¬Ã¡B¶À·u·×¡C1988¡CÀnºØ§ï¨}»P¿ï¨|¡C²Ä¤@©¡®a¯b¸V¿ò¶Ç¨|ºØ¬ã°Q·|±M¿è¡C¥x«n¡Cpp.166¡ã192¡C

¦w³¡³q­¦¡C1936¡C»OÆWÇU¾iõ­·~¡C»OÆW¤§¯b²£4(5)¡G237257¡C

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