序 一
地球生物經過長期演進及馴化已成一穩定平衡之生態體系，然在人類過度開發下，此種生態平衡顯然遭受到極大的破壞，甚至有些野生動植有滅種危機，因此生態保育成為全球人類共同努力之項目，本省動植物之保育包括牧草草種亦在政府推動下正全力進行。
草食動物如牛、羊、馬及兔等畜牧業的發展，有賴於優良牧草的供給。台灣位處亞熱帶，草種甚多，有些野生草種經馴化而成地區性牧草如恆春地區之藍莖草及彰化沿海地區之紅骨草等，而有些經馴化選育之草種如盤固草、狼尾草及克育草等，但經多年種植其品質及抗病蟲性有待改進，另外有草種因沒善加保育而劣變為雜草殊屬可惜。優良牧草的獲得有賴於廣大基因的導入及篩選，尤其現代科技發達，遺傳基因之轉移已不是問題，而基因質的來源顯得更為重要，因此在工商業擴大建設，山坡地開墾，水土劣變，植物生態受到影響之際，牧草種原的保存、收集、純化及性狀調查為刻不容緩之工作，鑑於此本會從民國七十七年起補助台灣省畜產試驗所從事牧草種原收集、保存及利用等研究，分別於新化總所、恆春及新竹分所及台大梅峰農場設立種原區，現已略具規模，而研究人員為將所搜集之種原及調查資料也能提供其他學者、農業界、植物愛好者參考及方便與國外人員連繫，特編印成“台灣禾豆科牧草種原”中英文對照專集一冊，內容豐富，照片清晰精彩，認識及鑑定極為方便。台灣禾豆科牧草種原之編印不僅可提供遺傳育種人員取材之資訊，亦可提供農民、保種人士及社會大眾對本土牧草種原有更進一步之認識，使本省牧草多樣化而其生態體系生生不息。
池 雙 慶 謹 識
行政院農委會畜牧處處長
中華民國八十一年六月
Preface
I
After a long period of evolution and acclimation, organisms on earth
formed a stable and balanced relation to their environment. However, this
important relationship has been seriously disturbed by the mismanagement of
natural resources and the adverse effects of industrialization. The world has
experienced the extinction of thousands of plant and animal species. Therefore,
efforts on saving those precious germplasms become important and have been
undertaken by many countries including oru government.
Although there are lots of subtropical herbage in taiwan, but
promisingnative pastrue species are few. Introduced grass species such as
pangolagrass and napiergrass have made a major contribution to the dairy
industry in Taiwan. Since herbivorous animal production is mainly relied on
high quality forages, there is a need for continuouscollecting and screening of
germplasm to acquire better forage species that will satisfy the demands of the
animal industry.
Sponsored by the Council of Agriculture, Taiwan Livestock Research
Institute (TLRI) has conducted the forage germplasm collection and evaluation
since 1988. Germplasm nursery projects are set up at Hsinhua, Hengchun and
Hsinchustations of the TLRI and Meifeng Experimental Farm of the National
TaiwanUniversity. An initial assessment has been carried and the growth habits
of those collected plants have been studied which will be useful for the
conservation program.
In order to assist the utilization of forage germplasms available in
Taiwan and to exchange information and plant genetic resources with foreign
countries, the data of accessions in the past collcetion are compiled in one
monograph named as "Forage Germplasms of Grasses and Legumes in
Taiwan". Thiscomprehensive monograph is written in both Chinese and English
with detailed information and illustration. this will be the first step to
provide genetic diversity in plant improvement programs and will be useful in
genetic resourceconservation for future demands.
June, 1992 S.
C. Chyr, Ph. D.
Director
Animal Industry Department
Council of Agriculture
Executive Yuan
