第三十九卷(2010)
56.台灣杜洛克豬新品種選育: 級進世代毛色與基因型頻率
陳佳萱(1) (2) 顏念慈(1) 陳裕琪(1) 張慕慈(2) 黃木秋(2) 吳明哲(1)
(1)行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所、(2)國立中興大學動物科學系
台灣杜洛克豬新品種選育計畫目的是希望藉由雜交與級進的方式培育出適合台灣生長的高繁殖效率種公豬。動情素受體基因（Estrogen receptor, ESR）具有A與B兩種交替基因，文獻指出相較於AA基因型之母豬，BB基因型者會有較多的窩仔數，因此，B交替基因有利於窩仔數的表現。本試驗目的旨在將ESR基因之有利交替基因導入台灣杜洛克新品種。計畫執行先將帶有BB基因型之高畜黑公豬與帶有AA基因型之杜洛克母豬雜交產下雜交一代F1（D 50% × K 50%），緊接自雜交一代中選留黑色公豬與杜洛克母豬進行配種產下級進一代R1（D 75% × K 25%），再選留紅色級進一代公豬與杜洛克母豬雜交產下級進二代R2（D 87.5% × K 12.5%），並於試驗過程中調查經雜交與級進配種產下之後裔其毛色與ESR基因型的分佈。結果顯示，在毛色分布方面，紅色毛色在雜交一代、級進一代與級進二代所占比例分別為0、52.1及100%，顯示且高畜黑豬黑毛色與杜洛克母豬紅毛色基因有顯隱性關係；ESR基因型分布方面，AB基因型在雜交一代、級進一代及級進二代所占比例分別為100、54.7及70.5%。動情素受體基因選留已符合當初預期目標，試驗已選留帶有AB基因型之公、母級進二代，預計級進二代自交後即會產下帶有BB基因型之後裔，順利將有利之B交替基因導入台灣杜洛克品種。
關鍵語：台灣杜洛克、毛色、基因型頻率
SELECTION FOR NEW BREED OF TAIWAN DUROC PIG: COLOR PATTERN OF COAT AND GENOTYPIC FREQUENCIE
C. H. Chen,(1) (2) N. T. Yen, (1) Y. C. Chen,(1) M. T. Chang(2), M. C. Huang(2) and M. C. Wu(1)
(1)Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan (2) Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University
The selection object for new breed of Taiwan Duroc was to develop high adaptability and reproductive performance boar by crossing and up-grading matting. Estrogen receptor (ESR) gene has two alleles, A and B. Literature indicated that BB homozygotic sows had more litter size than AA homozygote did. Thus, allele B of ESR gene is generally recognized as a favorable allele. The purpose of the present study was to introduce allele B into new breed of Taiwan Duroc. Thus, three phase of breeding scheme were carried out in this project. First, we used the KAPS black boars (BB homozygote) and Duroc sows (AA homozygote) to generate F1 progeny (D 50% × K 50%). Second, the black F1 boars were selected and mated with Duroc sows to generate R1 (D 75% × K 25%, DDK). Finally, the red R1 boars were selected and mated with Duroc sows to generate R2 (D 87.5% × K 12.5%, DDDK). In addition, the color pattern of coat and the ESR genotyping data were collected. The proportion of red coat color was 0, 52.1 and 100% in F1, R1 and R2, respectively. The results demonstrated that the black coat color was dominant and red coat color was recessive. Furthermore, as expected, the proportion of AB heterozygote was 100, 54.7 and 70.5% in F1, R1 and R2, respectively. The R2 progeny with AB heterozygote had been selected for further self matting. We expected that could successfully generate BB homozygotic progeny from R2 and introduce the favorable B allele into new breed of Taiwan Duroc.
Key Words: Taiwan Duroc, Coat color, Genotypic frequency
  
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