第四十八卷(2019)
103.耐熱型高繁天噸乳牛之夏季產乳量及女兒牛初產月齡
吳明哲 (1) 曹全偉 (1) 謝佳容 (1) 賴永裕 (1) 余柏安 (1) 王思涵 (1) 蕭振文 (1) 方愛茹 (2) 方清泉 (2) 岳佩瑩 (3) 王忠恕 (3)
(1) 畜產試驗所 (2) 中華民國乳業協會 (3) 農業委員會
畜產試驗所新竹分所與中華民國乳業協會執行國家級 DHI 計畫，於 2014 年起為鼓勵 DHI 酪農戶致力於牛隻繁殖性能改良，畜產試驗所進行 天噸乳牛繁殖力（高繁一產積 順一易懷孕）評選，高繁天頓牛入選要件為天噸牛需其有雌親上三代系譜及自身至少 有 11 次測乳之 305-2X-ME 預估乳量紀錄。DHI 戶於 2018 年測乳的 28,399 頭中，51 戶能飼養出 250 頭高繁 天噸乳牛。於 2019 年夏季（6 ∼ 9 月）的日乳量較 4 ∼ 5 月 份的日乳量（25.28 kg）減少 2.9 ∼ 6.5%。於 2019 年已有 158 頭高繁天噸乳牛，飼 養於 35 戶，在 4 月份與 5 月份的日乳量分別為 33.51 與 31.34 kg，而 6 至 9 月份依序 為 31.26、29.93、29.49 至 30.36 kg，顯示夏季熱緊迫可造成乳量減產 12% 之多。於 2019 年初產牛比率有 35.0%（5,045/14,404）及初產月齡平均為 26.2 月。
關鍵語：乳牛、乳量、初產月齡
Analysis on summer milk production of heat-tolerant ten-tons cows and age at first calving of their daughter
M. C. Wu(1), C. W. Chao(1), C. J. Hsieh(1), Y. Y. Lai(1), P. A. To(1), S. H. Wang(1), J. W. Hsiao(1), I. R. Fang(2), C. C. Fang(2), P. Y. Yue(3) and C. S. Wang(3)
(1) Livestock Research Institute; (2) Dairy Association of ROC; (3) Council of Agriculture
The Hsinchu Branch of TLRI and Dairy Association Taiwan R.O.C. implemented the national DHI program. In 2014, the DHI dairy farmers were encouraged to improve cattle breeding performance and cow fertility with lower caving ease and higher rate of pregnancy. Of the 28,399 cows from DHI farms in 2018, there were 51 farms to raise 250 head of high-prolific ten-tons cows. In the summer of 2019 (June-September), the daily milk yield decreased by 2.9 ~ 6.5% compared with the amount of daily milk in April-May (25.28 kg). In 2019, there were 158 high-prolific ten-tons cows, which were raised in 35 households. Their daily milk yield in April and May was 33.51 and 31.34 kg, respectively, and daily milk yield from June to September were 31.26, 29.93, 29.49 to 30.36 kg. It shows that summer heat stress can cause a 12% reduction in milk production. In 2019, the ratio of primiparous cows was 35.0% (5,045/14,404) and the average age of primipara was 26.2 months.
Key Words: Dairy cattle, Milk yield, Age at first calving
  
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