第四十九卷(2020)
107.畜產種原維護保存的現在與未來
謝佳容(1) 賴永裕(1) 吳明哲(1)
(1)行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所遺傳育種組
氣候變遷與疫病橫行是對全球畜牧產業的嚴峻考驗，而各國面對此挑戰除了加速對於耐 逆境品系的選育及飼養管理的調整外，更是以完備的種原庫作為種原維護與保存的最後 一道防線。聯合國農糧組織（Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations）也 有提供一系列的指引，供各國作為其在地畜產種原維護之參考。台灣畜產種原中心於 2004 年啟用，由凍存中心與DNA 庫所組成，其中收納了畜產試驗所在過去數十年間培 育的優質畜禽品種，包含黃牛、水牛、豬、山羊與雞等物種。除了以種原庫保存畜產種 原，積極活化應用種畜禽資源與種原庫是畜產種原維護的下一步。惟有讓大眾了解畜產 種原的得之不易，在地種原在畜牧產業及生物多樣性上扮演重要的角色，並促使業者一 同投入種畜禽的應用，方能使畜產種原的維護與保存能永續經營。
關鍵語：畜產動物、種畜、種原維護、種原庫、生物多樣性
The present and future of the maintenance and preservation of breeding stocks
C. J. Hsieh(1), Y. Y. Lai(1) and M. C. Wu(1)
(1)Division of Breeding and Genetics, Livestock Research Institute, COA
Climate change and epidemic disease are critical challenges for the worldwide animal industries. In order to cope with these challenges, it is necessary to accelerate the breeding of anti-adversity lines and to adjustment the husbandry management. Also, the complete animal germplasm bank is the last line of defense for breeding stock maintenance and preservation. Furthermore, FAO provides a serial of guidelines to guide the countries for their local breeding stock germplasm preservation. Taiwan Animal Germplasm Center (TAGC) was established in 2004, and it was constituted by the cryopreservation center and DNA bank. The collections of farm animal germplasm in TAGC were from the elite breeding stocks which Taiwan Livestock Research Institute (TLRI) bred for decades, including yellow cattle, buffalo, pig, goat, chicken, etc. Besides preserving the germplasm of farm animals in the animal germplasm bank, applying the genetic resource of breeding stock and animal germplasm bank actively is the next step. Ultimately, it is important to let people know that precious local animal germplasms play significant roles in the animal industry and biodiversity, as well as to invite the farm owns to involve in the applications of breeding stocks, to make the breeding stock germplasm sustainably maintain and preserve.
Key Words: Farm animal, Breeding stock, Germplasm preservation, Germplasm bank, Biodiversity
  
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